North Cyprus
113 theses under this subject heading
Impact of Green Wall Facade on Residential Building Users in Hot Climates - Famagusta Case
Today cities have fewer green areas because of newly constructed facilities thus the surfaces of our existing and upcoming buildings should integrate more vegetation. Integrating vertical green systems is advantageous for improving aesthetic, mental health and indoor thermal comfort. The use of a well-designed and managed green surface systems provides thermal regulation for energy saving buildings with passive thermal insulation for interior spaces. The aim of this study is to find innovative and meaningful ways to increase useful vegetation by implementing them into architectural design processes. Green walls are vertical constructions that are cladded with various types of plants or other vegetation. The walls frequently have built-in watering systems since they contain living plants in them. Integrating green surface systems will decrease energy consumption and increase thermal comfort throughout the year. With the use of Ladybug and Honeybee in Grasshopper, running with EnergyPlus, it allows us to simulate the indoor thermal levels of a residential building in North Cyprus by creating a virtual energy model of the building in Rhinoceros 3D. By running simulations, the effects of integrating green surface systems to the exterior walls of the building will be predictable. The simulation was run three times, the first was to simulate the existing building before integrating green surface systems to serve as a control, whereas the second and third were to simulate the same existing building but after integrating green surface systems to the exterior walls. The average total thermal comfort percent of Döveç Apartment 20 Building with no wall insulation, AC nor HVAC systems was around 35.8% throughout the whole year. After integrating green surface systems to all the exterior walls of the building the average was about 45%, which is a 25.7% increase in the thermal comfort felt by the users of the building. In conclusion adding green surface systems to exterior facades of a building would increase the time spent in the thermal comfort zone of a building, which would decrease energy consumption of thermal regulating systems due to less usage of those thermal regulating systems by the users throughout the year. Keywords: Vertical Green Systems, Thermal Comfort Zone, Sustainability, Residential, Karakol, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Hot Climate
Financial Analysis of Wastewater Treatment Plant in Famagusta – North Cyprus
The aim of this study is to explore the unit cost of treated wastewater that farmers may be willing to pay per cubic meter for irrigation purposes in other to give up the use of underground water. For this, an appraisal for the wastewater treatment plant was undertaken using the cost-benefit analysis approach. The appraisal assesses solely the financial and sensitivity analysis to enable an efficient long term feasibility and sustainability of the wastewater treatment plant. The financial analysis conducted shows that the FNPV of the treated wastewater plant is positive and significantly large enough to generate high returns on investment for the municipality. Therefore, we can say that, the treatment plant project is feasible and it will be able to generate sufficient cash flows. Also, based on the sensitivity analysis results, it appears that the variables under observations are not sensitive enough to affect the FNPV of the project. At the end of this study, it was found that farmers in Gazimagusa – North Cyprus are paying higher for purifying wastewater (0.39 euros per cubic meter) when compared to what is obtainable by farmers in the South Cyprus (0.15 EUR per cubic meter) of treated wastewater.
Ortaöğretim Okullarında Görev Yapan Okul Yöneticilerinin Sosyal İletişim Becerileri İle Öğretmenlerinin Motivasyonu Arasındaki İlişki
[Abstract Not Available]
An Empirical Assessment of Sport Tourism-Potentials, Barriers and Prospects: The Case of North Cyprus
This study aims to investigate and explore the present processes, potentials, barriers and organizations of sport tourism in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) in order to provide a clear policy guideline to the tourism operators and practitioners as well as to the decision makers. Furthermore, this study aims to achieve exploring the deficiencies that might have hampered the development and planning for sport tourism. Sport Tourism is one of the popular forms of Tourism Industry that motivate so many tourists to go to a destination. Sport Tourism in its Hard or soft categories are able to attract millions of tourists from hundreds of different countries to travel and participate in sporting events. This form of tourism has the potential to have positive impact economically and socially. However, sport tourism requires infrastructural consideration and certain technological preparation with specific land use issues. This study assumes that potentials to establish this form of tourism exists; however, the infrastructure for and commitment to this highly suitable tourism is not in place. An examination of planning process of sport tourism with respect to scale, scope, resource protection, product development and institutional responsibilities will be other aims. A qualitative data analysis will be performed to collect data and result for this paper. This study will be also a pathway to provide guidelines how to market and locate sponsors for sport tourism as an entrepreneurial initiative. Keywords: Niche tourism, Sport tourism, Tourism planning, North Cyprus
Effects of Educational Tourism on Social-Emotional Experiences and Well-Being of International Students of Eastern Mediterranean University in Northern Cyprus, Famagusta
This research aims to investigate the effects and influences of educational tourism on social-emotional experiences and well-being of international students of Eastern Mediterranean University in Northern Cyprus, Famagusta. This study was a qualitative studythat tried to find out the impacts of educational tourism on international students' well-being. Semi-structured interviews were used with 15 foreign students between the ages of 18 and 35 who were not Turkish Cypriotsto answer the questions. The study indicates that educational tourism has impacts on international students’ social emotional experience and psychological wellbeing. Their lives will change as students plan to travel and leave their country to study and live in another country. These types of changes have been found in this research such as: being independent, communication problem, adapting difficulties in a new place, unfamiliar cultural issues, facing disrespect, panic attacks, safety issues and language barriers. And all these changes happen because of many reasons such as educational issues, acculturative stress and economic issues. These changes bring other impacts in their lives such as homesickness, increasing anxiety, depression, culture chock, increasing sadness and low self-esteem. Keywords: Educational Tourism, International Students, Social-Emotional Experience, Psychological Wellbeing, North Cyprus.
Measuring the Potential for Ecological Citizenship among Famagusta Residents
Within sustainable urbanism debate, environmental attitudes and behaviours shaping everyday activities and practices of urban communities have been a focus area. All the related work of at least 25 years have introduced the term ‘ecological citizenship’ as the newly, emerging dimension of Ecological City. In this context, the academicia ns, policy makers and environmentalists seek to find the strategies and tools to make the behavioural change for the modern urban societies towards implementing ecologica l citizenship. In this context, this research focusing on the term ‘ecological citizenship’, tries to obtain information for understanding Famagusta inhabitants’ potential to embrace ecological citizenship as a way of living. Hence, besides seeking the most convenie nt solutions for the physical shortcomings of the Famagusta city with plans, legislat ions and so forth, accomplishing ecologically based, sustainable residents seems as a potentially crucial and significant requisite. Within this framework, firstly, the emergence of ecological citizenship has been evaluated, and then research problem and research objectives have been identified. Secondly modern environmentalism has been discussed and then Ecological City has been deliberated in its five known dimensions with the addition of ‘ecologica l citizenship’ as the fifth dimension after ‘sustainable urban form’, ‘sustainab le transportation’, ‘urban ecology and biodiversity’, and ‘energy use and waste management’. Thirdly, the literature in the field has been reviewed and environmenta l behaviour as the nucleus of ecological citizenship has been evaluated. iv Following the literature review, a survey study has been developed. In this vein, firstly Famagusta has been evaluated based on the dimensions of Ecological City and then the findings of the Famagusta Area Study (FAS) has been interpreted. Then, based on these, a survey research model has been developed. Within this framework, a user survey that seeks to obtain data about the level of existing environmental awareness and concern, ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes and also about environmenta l behaviours has been prepared. The user survey, carried out with the help of the firm ‘The Management Centre of the Mediterranean’, involved four sections; 165 inhabitants between 16 and 75 years old were randomly sampled within the territory of Famagusta municipality including all 16 quarters; it was undertaken in a time period of seven weeks (10 April - 03 June 2013). Finally, the findings of the user survey have been presented, interpreted, and conclusions were drawn based on the study, considering the local environmental peculiarities of Famagusta, N. Cyprus. According to the findings of the research, Famagusta residents’ existing awareness and concern about environmental problems and issues, cannot achieve an adequate level in order to be one of the dynamics shaping their lifestyles. However, their environmental worldview is still at a medium level. Additionally, the survey findings indicate that environmentally based living will increase if the urban environment is improved in line with the requirements of sustainable urban environments. Keywords: Ecological City, Ecological Citizenship, Environmental Attitude and Behaviour, Famagusta, North Cyprus.
Perceived Causes of Culture Shock: A Study on International Students in North Cyprus
Culture shock is an important issue and is the result of movement of individuals from one place to another. The differences between the old environment and the new environment are the major causes of culture shock. The individuals may feel insecurity, disorientation, anxiety and so forth as a result of culture shock. The goal of this research study is to analyze the causes of culture shock and how international students at Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) perceive them. In this study, factors were identified and questionnaires were distributed to three-hundred fifty international students in order to measure how culture shock elements vary based on gender, country of origin, educational level, age, length of stay and monthly income. Major causes of culture shock were infrastructure, service quality, weather, and language. Also, the results of this research showed there are significant differences between international students‟ demographic characteristics and culture shock causes. The results of this thesis imply that almost all international students should expect to experience culture shock because they may find the new environment challenging to adjust to. As a result, we suggested that international students should collect enough information about the host culture, education system etc. and try to build relationships with locals in order to understand their society. Keywords: International students, culture shock, culture shock elements, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus.
Preliminary Study On Destination Attributes Of Northern Cyprus: Iranian Travellers’ Perspective
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to determine the attributes of Northern Cyprus ; Itanian travelers’perspective. It will be tried to determine strong and weak attributes of North Cyprus from Iranian travelers perspective. Furtheremore, this study tends to examine a conceptual model that will examine the relation between attributes, overall imag, and future behaviour. The aforementioned relationship were tested by data abtained from Iranian travellers. According to the study the strong and weak cognnitive attributes of Northern Cyprus have been determined. The study demonstrated that unpoluuted environment, climate, calm atmosphere and safty are considered as strong cognitive attributes of North Cyprus. The weak attributes are lack of shopping facilities, lack of seasonal festivals amd museumes. This study also will demonstrate the direct effect of cognitive and affective attributes of North Cyprus on overall image. The direct effect of overall mage on visitors‟ future behaviour will be discussed as well. In addition management implications are provided based on the results of th ecurrent study. Furtheremore, some information regarding the limitations of this study as well as implication for future reserach will be presented in this thesis. Keywords: destination attributes, cognitive attributes, affective attributes, North Cyprus. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Çalışma; KKTC’nin destinasyon özelliklerini, güçlü ve zayıf özelliklerini belirlenmeyi amaçlamıştır. Ayrıca çalışma; destinasyon özellikleri, destinasyon imajı ve turistlerin ileriye yönelik tutumlarını ölçen kavramsal modeli de test etmeyi hedeflemiştir. Çalışmanın dar alanını İranlı turistler oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada; KKTC’nin güçlü ve zayıf bilişsel özellikleri faktör analizine tabi tutulmuş ve 6 temel faktör ortaya konmuştur. Temiz çevre, iklim, sakin ortam ve güvenlik öne çıkan özellikler olmuştur. Zayıf özellikler olarak ise; alışveriş tesislerinin, yerel festivallerin, ve müzelerin yetersizliği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma hipotezlerinin test edilmesinde çoklu regresyon yönteminden faydalanılmış ve gerek bilişsel gerekse duyuşsal özelliklerin adanın toplam imajı üzerindeki etkisine yönelik hipotezler doğrulanmıştır. Yine toplam imajın; gelecekte yeniden seyahat etme ve tavsiye üzerine etkiside çoklu regresyona tabi tutulmuş ve bu ilişkinin varlığı da doğrulanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları; devlet düzeyinde KKTC’nin imajının oluşturulmasında rol oynayan kurumlara, akademik alanda ise destinasyon özellikleri ve imajına yönelik çalışmalara ışık tutacak nitelikte sonuçlara ulaşmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: destinasyon özellikleri, bilişsel özellikler, duyuşsal özellikler, KKTC.
3S’ Tourism Image and its Determining Factors: Evidence from North Cyprus
This empirical study aims to investigate the effect of cognitive image of 3S tourism on attitude of tourist to 3S tourism activities. This research also examines the impact of attitude to 3S tourism of visit intention and word of mouth as two behavioral outcomes. Data were collected from tourists who travelled to North Cyprus in the summer 2015. The results revealed that image of 3S tourism had a positive relevance to tourist attitude. Visit intention and word of mouth are enhanced by improving visitors‘ attitude toward 3S tourism. There is a managerial implication with regard to the promotion of cognitive image in North Cyprus beaches, which results in positive outputs. Restrictions and prospective directions for future studies are discussed. Keywords: 3S Tourism, Cognitive Image, Attitude, Visit Intention, Word of Mouth, North Cyprus.
Experimental Investigations of Thermochemical Heat Storage System Using Hydrated Salt Based Composite Sorbents for Building Space Heating Applications
Energy is one of leading problem all around the world. Increasing urbanization and industrialization, improving life conditions and standards and increasing world population have been creating a dramatic rise of energy demand. As a consequence of population growth, this resulted in high rate fossil fuel consumption. Besides, use of fossil fuels creating irrecoverable environmental damages such as global warming. Renewable energy and its storage systems are most promising solutions to overcome this problem. North Cyprus is an island good and suitable candidate for renewable energy utilization and its storage applications. Particularly, solar energy is abundant throughout year in North Cyprus and it represents a high potential to be used for building space heating. The main barrier is the imbalance between the heating demand and solar energy availability. Due to the cyclic nature of it, there is no solar radiation available at nighttime once the heat losses increasing. This condition indicates the need of utilizing thermal energy storage coupled with solar collector systems to store the solar energy once it is available to be used later when it is needed. Despite latent and sensible heat storage systems have been researched widely for this purpose, they have some major drawbacks such as low energy storage density and high heat losses limiting the storage potential and duration. A new thermal energy storage method; thermochemical heat storage, based on reversible sorption-desorption cycles is purposed in this study. Such thermal energy storage system could provide higher heat storage density and long-term heat storage potential making it attractive for solar thermal applications. From this point of view, aim of the presented study is; to develop a prototype thermochemical heat storage system and to test it under laboratory conditions. A novel composite sorption material; CaCl2–Vermiculite was synthesized and used as the heat storage material. Three different cycles (discharging-charging) with the same flow rate were carried out. Throughout the testing, some optimal results were obtained. For charging temperature between 80-90 °C, discharging average temperature lift of air between 15-20 °C was obtained. Besides, cumulative energy output in the range of 1.6-1.8 kWh was attained, corresponding to an energy storage density between 200-230 kWh. Observed results in this experimental study demonstrated that, for both long and short term heat storage, thermochemical process using V-CaCl2 sorbent is satisfactorily promising and a good candidate to be utilized in solar thermal applications in buildings for sustainable space heating.
Effects of Internal Branding on Frontline Employees Work Attitudes and Behaviours: Exploring the Role of Psychological Contract as the Mediator, The Case of North Cyprus Hotels
This thesis develops an empirical model to test the effect of internal branding and brand-oriented leadership on employees’ service recovery performance and turnover intention, with a particular emphasis on psychological contract as a mediator. Using a quantitative approach, questionnaires were distributed among frontline employees of four- and five-star hotels in Northern Cyprus and responses were collected from. Statistical analyses were performed using the SmartPLS software. The results of the statistical analyses showed internal branding and brand-oriented leadership have a direct and positive effect on psychological contract. Psychological contact also positively influenced service recovery performance and negatively influenced turnover intentions. The results suggest that hotels need to establish effective IB mechanisms to convey their brand messages through internal communication, training, briefing and meeting. It was observed that the overall psychological contract guarantees a partial complementary mediation between internal branding and brand oriented leadership on service recovery performance and turnover intention. The theoretical contributions and managerial implications were discussed in this research.
The Impact of Brand Image on Customers’ Purchase Intention of Apparel (Koton Products): Evidence from Eastern Mediterranean University
This study empirically investigates “The Impact of Brand Image on Consumers’ Purchase Intention of Apparel (Clothing Products) in the case of Koton Clothing Company in North Cyprus”. A total number of 415 questionnaires were distributed among students of Eastern Mediterranean University and 300 were filled by the participants. Frequency, Descriptive Statistics, Independent sample T-test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Regression Analysis were conducted to investigate the case. Independent T-test results revealed 21 statistically significant differences among men and women participants’ perceptions regarding the research items. To investigate the possibility of existing any potential differences between the perceptions of our respondents’ subset groups, “Age Group”, Analyses of Variance (ANOVA Test) was carried out. Based on the relevant analysis, 18 statistically significant differences were observed among the age groups. Finally, the regression analysis results demonstrate 6 statistically significant factors effecting customers’ purchase intention.
Service failure and recovery in the airline industry: Evidence from the TRNC
The marketing concept is based on the principle of satisfying customers. The ultimate goal of marketing and marketers is to achieve a high level of customer satisfaction and to enhance the relationship with customers. Loyal customers are the most profitable group for companies. Service failures are unwanted defects but they are inevitable. Service failures can happen both during the process of service delivery and as a result of delivery process. Therefore, to avoid dissatisfaction and keep the current customer satisfied, service providers have a second chance which is called ‘service recovery’. It is important for the service provider to employ effective service recovery strategies to alter undesirable consequences of failures (Maxham, 2001). The aim of the study is to investigate the service failure recovery experiences of airline passengers who are flying to or from Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Ercan Airport. This research will identify the failure types that passengers experience during their travel and the recovery strategies used by the service firms. The study also explores customer expectations (the expected recovery action) when the recovery had not been attempted. The study also aims to measure whether passengers are satisfied with the recovery strategies used and their behavioral intentions (e.g., WOM intentions and repurchase intentions) after the recovery process. This study shed light on managing customer relations within the airline industry in North Cyprus. Delay of flight, damaged and lost luggage, uncomfortable seats, and food and beverage quality were identified as the most frequent experienced failure types by passengers. Explanation, apology and professional and friendly staff attitude iv were identified as mostly used recovery strategies by airlines. Explanation, offering a better service and apology were identified as the mostly frequently expected recovery strategies. Further, there exist negative relationships among perceived severity of the service failure and satisfaction with the recovery and time taken to resolve a problem and satisfaction with the recovery (i.e. as time taken and perceived severity increase, satisfaction drops). On the other hand, positive relationships were found among satisfaction with the recovery and overall satisfaction, overall satisfaction and repurchase intentions and overall satisfaction and recommending the airlines. Keywords: Service recovery, satisfaction, loyalty, airline industry, North Cyprus.
Developing an Indicator Base Study for Social Sustainability: The Case of Walled City of Famagusta
Despite of many investigations about environmental and economical sustainability, the social sustainability is largely neglected in different studies. In addition, the Walled City which is located in Famagusta, North-Cyprus has not witnessed serious social sustainability studies. In line with the aim of this study to bring back livability of the Walled City, this research has carried out social sustainability as a tool for proposing new ways of bringing. For this reason, after reviewing of varies resources, it has extracted common social suitability criteria‟s. Unlike the vastly magnitude of social sustainability criteria‟s, it has selected only three social sustainability criteria which are mostly common to various studies. Social equity, social interaction, and sense of place criteria are the common criteria selected. To empirical results, the findings of the common criteria have been examined in the case of study. Likewise, it applies quantitative and qualitative methods to make analysis and measure social sustainability. In addition, it has focused on the Walled City of Famagusta that contains nine different zones. In order to observe social sustainability in the Walled City, it has selected only three streets that are located in different zones. Therefore, the street one located in zone one & four, street two located in zone four & six and street three located in zone three are the case study streets. The results indicate that among the three case studies, street two has not success in enhancing social sustainability for bringing livability back to the Walled City in line with the main objective. Nevertheless, the overall results demonstrate that the social equity, social interaction and sense of place criteria have approximately positive impact on enhancement of social sustainability that can help bringing back livability to the Walled City. Keywords: Social Sustainability, Walled City, Famagusta, North Cyprus
Exploring the Potentials of Agritourism; Evidence from North Cyprus
The purpose of the thesis is to determine the potentials of agritourism for the wellbeing of the local communities in North Cyprus. This study examines local people’s points of view about how agritourism activities and services can enhance the quality of life for the local community. In order to achieve the necessary information, the qualitative approach was conducted as a research methodology. The process of data collection was done through in-depth interviews among local farmers who live in rural areas of North Cyprus. According to data collection, agritourism activities created several potentials in North Cyprus as follow: First, the educational potential of agritourism can educate visitors about the consumption of organic and healthy food and increase awareness towards preserving rural heritage, culture, traditions, and natural resources. Second, the socio-economic potential of agritourism can enhance the standard of living for the local people. It can also increase income and create more job opportunities especially for women and enhance the social position of women in the community. Last, the potential of agritourism for environmental quality by increasing environmental awareness among visitors and several environmental-friendly practices.
An Empirical Assessment of Students Perception of Host Community Toward Town Loyalty; The Case of Famagusta, TRNC
ABSTRACT: This study is analyzed the effect of different university related variables such as university-related antecedent, town-related information, town related offerings and town related facility on the students town loyalty through university/college reputation, student town reputation and student town satisfaction and switching costs. This study has been conducted among the 250 international students of Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU), Famagusta, North Cyprus. This study analyzed the data through use of SPSS analysis, and Pearson correlation. The findings of the study are mentioned that all of the relationship is positive and significant. All of hypotheses are supported. University and destination managers should be careful about the university related information, performance, facility and service to the students due to the fact that the quality of the service directly and indirectly effect on the student loyalty to destination and university and decreasing cost. The managerial implication and limitation of the study mentioned at the end of the study. Student loyalty is used as the dependent variable due to its important in the continuous performance of the town and university. All of the hypotheses study are supported. Keywords: University Reputation, Student Satisfaction, Switching Cost, North Cyprus. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Entrepreneurial Attitude of Students After Graduation (Case Of north Cyprus)
ABSTRACT: Throughout many years of research and analysis, still there cannot be a complete explanation of behaviors towards business startup and entrepreneurship. Yet so far many do their papers, research and/or thesis on this matter, searching for this matter in details is just like a psychology course, trying to figure a person and is/her personality all together, which is still merely impossible. Based on the impossibility issue of this subject and lack of resources in North Cyprus, models where created to simplify the behavioral factors and to make them more understandable. Based on these models, factors such as family background, demographics and personality traits where focused on. All these models were made to give one answer and that is how students graduated from EMU University would behave towards entrepreneurship and business startups after graduation. GET I test was used to determine the answer of couple of hundred students on how they may behave towards starting a business , all the evidence and the test itself is given in the methodology part of this thesis. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, GET test, North Cyprus. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Virtual Socialization, Sharing and Loneliness Level of Primary School Teachers: A Case Study of Famagusta, North Cyprus
In social sciences environment is becoming very essential in any given field. Virtual learning environment is one of the on-going trends in our primary education today. In fact, it has been increasingly luring the social scientists who dedicate most of their studies in field researches. The main purpose of this study is to find out teachers perspective about a virtual learning environment, with regards to virtual socialization, virtual sharing and to investigate the loneliness level of primary school teachers in virtual environment. This thesis make use of a mixed approach in data collection, as data will be retrieved from the participant with the use of a questionnaire aiming to evaluate teachers’ loneliness level in virtual learning environments that will be administered among 153 instructors in 32 Primary schools within the Famagusta District of North Cyprus. In the same vein, a semi-structured interview will be carried out. This study indicates that there is a firm correlation between teachers’ attitudes and virtual learning environments. The main findings of this study show that the level of teachers’ virtual socialization is higher than their loneliness level, and the teachers’ level of virtual sharing was at a lowest level. Keywords: Environment, Virtual Learning, Virtual Learning Environment, Famagusta, North Cyprus
Appreciation of Nature in Architecture: Interaction between Topography & Design in the Case of Karmi (Karaman) Village, North Cyprus
One of the main problems of contemporary architecture is the segregation of human life from the natural environment due to rapid change of science and technology. Studies on the essences in the interaction of man and environment could be possible through historical and vernacular settlements, where the dynamics of nature and peculiarities of human beings are exceedingly regarded during the production of the built environment. In this research, Karmi (Karaman) village, a vernacular settlement in North Cyprus, is selected as the case study to analyse and illustrate the relationship between nature and man in general, and the interaction between topography and design in particular. In this study on the building traditions, used in this village, are intended to review of organic concepts in architectural design and provide a reference for contemporary designers and introduce them some of the concerns on organic approaches, make comparison of the architecture design concepts with the information gathered from the village (by personal observations of the researcher and interviews with the occupants of the village) highlighted some practical approaches at different scales of design, ranging from settlement to interior space scales. Although this village is almost a perfect model to be utilized as a source for designers, there are some recently constructed buildings totally conflicting with the traditional fabric of the settlement and boldy indicate harsh interfere of human being to the nature. Karmi village is considered an important source of knowledge and case illustrating how topography and building can interact and create settlements in harmony with nature. At the same time, it gives opportunities to monitor destructing implications in nature and to understand the differences between the environment, sensitive approaches and the over ignoring this important notion in contemporary times and designs. In North Cyprus, there is a serious problem due to the lack of sufficient concern in the use of the natural topography, especially since the "construction boom" in the early 2000s, especially in the region of Kyrenia where Karmi Village is located. There have been problematic matters in the world in finding the solution to save nature. Therefore, this research in the case of appreciation of nature focuses on the interaction of topography and the built environment. This study aims to clarify how architecture could affect and be affected by the environment, where buildings and nature are interacted as in the case of Karmi village in North Cyprus. Under aforementioned conditions, the authentic of urban pattern of Karmi Village, where determination has begun should be studied before it’s lost and putting toward the values of this pattern has a great importance. Under the guidance of these conditions, it is aimed to discuss and state, how architecture affected the environment and influenced by the environment by considering the case of Karmi Village. Keywords: Topography, Vernacular Architecture, Natural environment, Built environment, Karmi village, North Cyprus.
Destination Personality, Satisfaction, And Tourist Future Behavior: The Case Of North Cyprus
ABSTRACT: Going through application of destination personality in North Cyprus and finding about the essence of its relation to tourist satisfaction, and tourist behavior, considering the moderating effect of tourist motivation on relation between destination personality and tourist satisfaction as the main aim of this study. This study focused on two aims: 1) the relationship between destination personality adopted from Aaker (1997) personality scale in tourism realm _ North Cyprus_ due to tourist feeling of satisfaction and consequently their intention to revisit North Cyprus as a destination and also their intention to recommend it to others which is illustrator of tourist future behavior, 2) how tourists’ motivation factors as a moderator affect the relationship between destination personality in relation with tourist feeling of satisfaction. The study shows that there is no direct and significant relationship between destination personality and tourist’s satisfaction. The reason may be rooted in what Ye (2012) during his study claimed that since the personality traits of Aaker (1997) brand personality scale is peculiar for business section it is probable and possible that not all of those traits be significant and sensible in tourism and destination dimension. Regarding the intention of tourist to recommend and revisit the destination is affected significantly and directly by tourist’s satisfaction. So destination personality according to anthropomorphism theory and the sense and the tie created between tourist and destination leads in attracting more tourists. Keywords: Destination Personality, Tourist Future Behavior, North Cyprus. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
The Determinants of Consumer’s Behaviour in Restaurant Food Waste Mitigation: Evidence from North Cyprus
The current circumstance on food waste mitigation in North Cyprus shows that, it needs a productive and successful waste administration system having analysed the case of waste mitigation of the food sectors in North Cyprus. This thesis empirically examines the determinants of consumer’s behaviour in restaurant food waste mitigation in North Cyprus. Regression analysis, independent t test and ANOVA analysis were employed to inspect the trade-off between food waste mitigation and its determinants. Surveys were distributed to two hundred and six participants for the analysis on an online platform. Regression results indicate that new ecological paradigm, favourable to natural conduct at home, mentalities towards eatery food squander and foreseen feelings towards eatery food squander have significant positive impact on food waste mitigation. The results also illustrate that male and female mostly have different opinions on food waste mitigation whereas Anova analysis shows that job status as well as job occupation have different opinions. Keywords: food waste mitigation, Regression analysis, food sector, North Cyprus.
Evaluating the appropriateness of double skin glass facade system, within the context of sustainability, for North Cyprus (TRNC)
ABSTRACT: The current study aimed to investigate the appropriateness of Double Skin Glass Facade (DSGF) systems for Large Scaled Glazed Facade Commercial and Office Buildings (LSGFCOB), within the context of sustainability for North Cyprus (NC), since there are no DSGF systems in NC. To accomplish this aim, observation of 15 LSGFCOB (having more than 120m GF), were analyzed according to the types of glazed facade system, facade‟s orientation, construction cost per m2, shading device and ventilation system. Secondly, perceptions of 23 stakeholders, in construction sectors as well as educational sector, regarding DSGF systems and sustainability in GF systems as well as existing reasons of not using DSGF systems for LSGFCOB in NC, were identified. The major research techniques used in this study were in the form of semi-structured interviews, based on quantitative method, and personal observations, based on descriptive methodology, with the application of qualitative data analysis. In order to gather information about the existing LSGFCOB in NC, visual data were collected (photographs of 15 analyzed buildings). In addition, the stakeholders of the buildings were interviewed in order to collect further information of the glazed facade systems. Interviews were conducted also to find out the knowledge and opinions of the stakeholders about the advantages and disadvantages of using DSGF system as well as their future strategies and expectations, for using these systems, from the governmental authorities in construction sectors in NC. The study concluded that, since there is not enough client demand, mainly because of the high cost in the market for DSGF systems to be used in LSGFCOB, there is a barrier to develop the sector which will apply these kinds of DSGF systems in NC. It is most likely that in the nearest future, due to the high cost and customer demand in the market, DSGF systems might not be sustainable to be applied in LSGFCOB in NC. For now, it can be recommended to use proper shading devices, in appropriate direction where it is needed, with careful design and selection of appropriate materials for existing LSGFCOB. On the whole, there is a need of government to encourage the society, customers and stakeholders to use these systems for backing the worldwide demand of Sustainable Construction and Development. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Residents' quality of life and attitudes toward education tourism development in North Cyprus
Tourism has become one of the largest and fastest growing economic sector in the world. However, the development and changes of a tourism destination has a number of effects especially on people who are living there. Tourism is related with social, economic, and environmental benefits and according to this; the quality of life (QOL) of the local people has many connections with the development of tourism. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of demographics, the areas of quality of life and residential statuses on the attitudes of the local people in North Cyprus about the development of future educational tourism. The important contribution of this study is to identify the predictive power of different dimensions of quality of life, demographic profile structure and residential status on attitudes towards the development of educational tourism in the North Cyprus. The acquisition of support from local residents is a very important area in terms of the sustainability of educational tourism and the quality of life has an important role in determining the attitude of the people. The working group consisted of 523 local people in five different regions where Northern Cyprus Universities were located. In order to measure the attitudes towards the development of future education tourism, a scale of 3 items was used, and the "Tourism and Quality of Life Scale" which consisting of 49 items and modified by Liang and Hui (2016), were used in the study. The results of this study generally have shown that the positive attitudes of local people depend on the community well-being domain of ETQOL in particular. Furthermore, the results show that the middle and high income groups have more positive attitudes than low and very high income groups towards education tourism development. In addition, homeowners and rentals have a positive attitude towards the development of educational tourism compared to those residing in the dormitories. In addition, no significant differences were found regarding age, gender, educational status, number of children and marital status. Keywords: Quality of life, education tourism, tourism development, North Cyprus, resident attitudes.
A cost benefit analysis of a reverse osmosis desalination plant with and without advanced energy recovery devices
In recent decades seawater desalination has represented reliable and perhaps financially attractive technology to overcome water scarcity. The largest problem with this solution for solving water shortage is the cost of seawater desalination and the main portion of the total cost of desalination of water is energy consumption. One of the efficient approaches to decrease specific energy consumption is using an energy recovery device (ERDs). The total operating cost of desalination plant will considerably decrease in order to using this technology. Due to this reduction levelized cost of water (LCOW) is also decline. The aim of this study was to evaluate financially the installation of an energy recovery device on a seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant in North Cyprus. The plant is designed to have daily capacity of 66000 m3 of fresh drinking water. In this study the specific energy consumption and levelized cost of production for the base case scenario (seawater desalination plant without energy recovery device) and the incentive scenario (seawater desalination plant with energy recovery device) were conducted to illustrate the impact of an energy recovery device on seawater desalination plant. We performed a financial analysis from the owner’s point of view and the banker’s point of view to determine the feasibility and sustainability of the project under scenario II (seawater desalination plant with ERDs) to determine if it is a good way to reduce desalination cost and total and variable levelized cost of production. Keywords: Seawater desalination, Energy recovery device, levelized cost of production, Specific energy consumption (SEC), Cost reduction, North Cyprus.