Screening of lipase from Bacillus sp. strains, optimization of lipase production conditions, partial purification, characterization and potential applications in the detergent industry

In this study, 141 out of 341 Bacillus sp. strains were found as extracellular lipase producers. The best lipase producing strain was identified by 16S rRNA and named as Bacillus cereus ATA179. The best results among the physical parameters were 45 ° C, pH 7.0, shaking speed 50 rpm, inoculation amount 7% and inoculum age 24 hours. Sucrose as the best carbon source, (NH4)2HPO4 as the best nitrogen source, CaCl2 as the best metal ion were obtained. The best results among the physical parameters were determined at 45°C, pH 7.0, shaking rate 50 rpm, inoculation amount 7% and inoculum age 24 hours. ATA179 strain showed a 51,1% increase in enzyme production in the modified medium created by optimizing nutritional and physical conditions. Optimum temperature and pH of the partially purified enzyme were 55° C and 6.0, respectivelly. Thermostability and pH stability studies showed that the enzyme is thermostable and acidophilic. CaCl2, Tween 20, Triton X-100 had an activating effect on enzyme activity. Vmax and Km kinetic values were found as 18,28 U/ml and 0,11 mM, respectively. The molecular weight was determined as about 47 kDa. The activity of enzyme was found to be stable up to 75 days at -20ºC. The potential strength of the enzyme in the detergent industry was investigated and it was found that the enzyme was not affected by detergent additives; and effective in removing fat in fabrics contaminated with oily substances. The lipase of ATA179 bacteria may have the potential to be used in detergent industry.