Re-modification of the equations used in pipe flows according to the ideal velocity concept

It is well known that water is one of the most important needs for not only human life but also for nature. Fresh water resources used in the physiological needs of all livings are limited. Only about 3% of the water amount on the world is fresh water. On the other hand, as it is known, the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall on the earth is not homogeneous. For this reason, the transfer of water from one region to another has existed with the human history. Transport is made by different water conveyance structures, i.e. channel, pipe, tunnel, gallery, and drains. However, it is possible to classify all of them hydraulically in to two main classes as open channel flows (flows with free surface) and pipe flows (pressurized flows). Numerous methods and solutions techniques are used hydraulics calculations for bot open channel and pipe flows available in the current literature. However, this study focuses only on the "ideal velocity" concept for pipe flows. As it is known, crossectional velocity is parabolically distributed in any pipe flows. However, in this study, the crossectional velocity idealised as "ideal velocity" by assuming that the circular velocity distribution instead of parabolic distribution. Furthermore, all equations used for hydraulic calculation have been revised accordingly. Many examples have been presented to see appliability of mentioned new concept. Later, the results have been discussed in the "results and discussion" section. It is hopped that such an idealisation will bring togather the folowing benefits: a great simplification in hydraulic calculations, teaching "ideal velocity" before the real crossectional velocity, will help pedagojically to students in understanding the subject just as thiching the "ideal fluids" concept, the "ideal velocity" concept can be used as a scale for any hydraulic variable (magnitude), such a concept will help innowation in pipe production sectors. The thesis contains of six chapters. After an introduction, an extensive literature review including the history, classification, and criticism of the previous studies is presented. A detailed theoretical consideration of the "ideal velocity" concept is given in chapter three entitled as "Material and Methods". The re-modification of the equations oftenly used in pipe flow is presented in the same chapter. A large scientific discussion together with the advantages and disadvantages of the new approach can be found in 4th chapter. The applications of the new concept are presented in the same chapter. The study is concluded in the next chapter. In the same chapter several recommendations are given. Finally, the references cited in the text are listed alphabetically in the last chapter. Keywords: Ideal velocity, pipe flow, crossectional average velocity, logarithmic velocity distribution, parabolic velocity distribution