Arabic dialects in Jahili times and its phonetic features

The study of dialects has become in the modern era one of the most important modern linguistic research, and it is the differences in the phonetic aspect that often distinguish between one dialect and the other. This is what we observed in our study of the ancient Arabic dialects that were the result of the spread of Arabs in various regions in different tribes, some of which had been vanished and others that had been developed gradually, where strong dialects was overtaking weak dialects, therefore, from this mixture a new dialect had been formed with a new charachtaristics in some situations. As a result of the vast number of Arabic tribes, it is difficult to study the dialect of each tribe on its own. So in order to facilitate this, we have studied the ancient Arabic dialects according to bedouinism and urbanization and we diveded them into badouin and rural tribes dialects, and we distiguished between bad and fluent dialects. This is based on the standards developed by the scholars of classical Arabic that we obtained from the ancient sources books of dialects and others. Besides sources from Quranic readings, poetry or prose which were very good examples of these dialects that supported us. To study the differences between the ancient Arabic dialects on the phonetic level we have studied some cases of these dialects, and these cases were discussed under the titles of Hamz, Idgam, Imalah and Ibdal.