Bacterial isolation from hot springs of Diyadin (Agri) and studies on some of their enzymes

In this study, water and soil samples from Diyadin (Agri) hot water springs were collected and four bacteria were isolated. Morphological, physiological, and biochemical analyses of these isolates were conducted. From the bacteria that were isolated, it was found that bacterium number 1 was rod-like, gram positive, sporeproducing, active and mild thermophile and that bacterium number 3 was rod-like, gram positive, spore-producing, inactive and mild thermophile. The optimum pH for isolates number 1 and 2 for the bacteria to produce was determined to be 8 and 7, respectively, and their incubation temperature as 50 oC and 55 oC. Extracellular ??amylase and protease enzyme production capabilities of the obtained isolates were studied and the optimum conditions of the enzyme activation were determined. It was found that isolate number 1 conducted its optimum ??amylase production at the 40th hour (21,96 U/mg) and optimum pH and temperature values of ??amylase activity were 8 and 60 oC, respectively, optimum protease production was conducted at the 24th hour (771 U/mg) and optimum pH and temperature values of protease activity were 9 and 50 oC, respectively. It was determined that ??amylase production for isolate number 3 was conducted at the 24th hour (32 U/mg) and optimum pH and temperature conditions of ??amylase activity were 7 and 70 oC, optimum protease production was carried out at the 36th hour (421 U/mg) and optimum protease activity and temperature were 10 and 50 oC, respectively. ??amylase and protease enzymes obtained from these isolates were exposed to amonium sulphate precipitation and dialysis processes and the affects of the heavy metals on the activity of these enzymes were studied. It was found that in the media of 1,5 mM Mn+2 and 1,5 mM Cu+2 ??amylase activity for isolate 1 (KP1) increased, in the media of %1 SDS the activity decreased, and in the media of 1,5 mM Hg+2 ion the enzyme was completely inhibited. It was determined that the activity for isolate 3 (DV3), in the media of 1,5 mM Hg+2 was completely inhibited. It was found that the protease activity for isolate 1 (KP1) increased in the media of 1,5 mM Ca+2 and 1,5 mM Cu+2 , the activity decreased in the media of 1,5 mM Hg+2 ion, 1,5 mM EDTA, %1 SDS, and enzyme was completely inhibited in the media of 1,5 mM PMSF. It has been determined that the activity increased in the media of 1,5 mM Ca+2 and 1,5 mM Zn+2 for isolate 3 (DV3), the activity decreased in the media of 1,5 mM Hg+2, %1? SDS, and enzyme was completely inhibited in the media of 1,5 mM EDTA, 1,5 mM PMSF. Key Words: Hot water springs, Bacteria isolation, Thermophile bacterium, Bacil, ?- amylase, Protease, Heavy metal