Determination of fungal diseases and prevalence rates in the tomato production areas in di̇cle valley in Diyarbakır and evaluation of methyl jasmonate and methyl salicylate activities on two important pathogene species

In this study, the prevalence rates of fungal diseases in tomato plants produced in the Dicle valley of Diyarbakir province were determined. 33 fungal isolates were obtained from 35 sickly plants as a result of survey studies. 21 isolates from these isolates were diagnosed with morphological and symptomatologic observations. As a result of symptomatological and morphological observations 10 isolates Alternaria alternata, 5 isolates Botrytis cinerea, 3 isolates Oidium neolycopersici 3 isolates Ulocladium spp. were determined. According to the data we obtained, while Alternaria alternata with % 30.33 prevalence rates is most common disease, Botrytis cinerea with % 15.5 is the second. Oidium neolycopersici and Ulocladium spp prevalence rates were calculated as % 9.09. Also in this study, against to A. alternata and B. cinerea, which were two most common diseases were, experimented the effects of Methyl jasmonate and Methyl salicylate aplications. Three different doses (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM) of two phytochemicals were applied to each disease and colony diameter of factors were measured in PDA media. As a result, 0.1 and 1 mM doses of Methyl jasmonate significantly inhibited mycelial development of A. alternata and B. cinerea. The inhibitory effects of the highest dose (1mM) of Methyl salisicylate against both diseases were found to be statistically significant. This study examined the relative abundance of fungal tomato diseases in Dicle Valley, Diyarbakır and revealed that methyl jasmonate and methyl salycilate could be alternative to chemical control against two common tomato diseases A. alternata and B. cinerea.