Research on some agricultural and technological properties in the main and second crop grain corn cultivation in Diyarbakir ecological conditions

Maize is a plant that has socio-economic importance in the world as well as in our country. It has large plantations in different ecological of the world with extensive adaptations and different species features. It is necessary to determine the maize varieties which primarily compatible with the environment with high yield and good quality properties, for the development of maize agriculture in Southeastern Anatolia Region. It will certainly contribute to the corn cultivation of region, the efficiency of corn can be grown in two different periods without a reduction in yield and quality. The study was caried out in applications field of GAP International Agricultural Research and Training Center, according to a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014 and 2015 years. Totally 15 different corn varieties which is considered to be compatible with the climate and vegetation of Southeastern Anatolia Region, has been obtained from different organizations were used as research material. In this study, totally 24 agricultural research features and 6 technological characters were examined. In terms of the features, discussed in the main product; tasseling periods (75.7-80.3 day), silking periods (79.7-84.5 day), plant height (233.9-277.3 cm), first ear height (79.8-125.1 cm), stem thickness (18.9-23.7 mm), number of leaf per plant (13.6-15.7), chlorophyll content (48.5-56.4), number of ear (50.33-55.50), ear length (18.8-23.1 cm), ear thickness (43.92-48.55 mm), number of kernels per ear (489.2-621.7), number of ear per plant (0.975-1.071), kernel/ear ratio (83.63-88.00 %), 1000 kernel weight (287.1-378.6 g), harvest grain moisture (13.16-16.75 %), hectoliter weight (77.09-81.76 kg), crude oil ratio (3.19-4.57 %), crude protein ratio (7.96-8.62 %) and starch ratio (71.51-72.95 %) were found significant differences at the level of 1% for investigated traits among the maize varieties. It was found significant differences at the level of 5 % among the maize varieties in terms of grain yield. Grain yield of maize varieties was found to be between15802 kg/ha (PR31D24) and 12787 kg/ha (Ada 95.16) and the average yield was determined as 13888 kg/ha. According to the findings of all experiment in the second cropping, it was found significant differences at the level of 1% for investigated traits among the maize varieties, yields of varieties ranged between 15023 kg/ha (Katone) with 10822 kg/ha (Breaker) and the average yield was determined as 12660 kg/ha. In the light of the data obtained from study; PR31D24, Sy Radioso, Suertoda, 72May80, P.31G98, Katone and Sy Lucroso varieties in the main cropping, Katone, PR31D24 and Kerbanis varieties in the second cropping may be suggested to farmers in Diyarbakir conditions.