The awarenes level of skin cancer and its risks in Edirne city

As a result of global warming and atmospheric changes, the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth's surface has been increasing day by day, leading to greater sun exposure among individuals. Consequently, the incidence of skin cancer has risen over the years. Since skin cancers can be prevented through protective behaviors, physicians providing preventive health services bear significant responsibilities in this regard. This study aimed to determine the level of awareness regarding skin cancer and its associated risks among the central population of Edirne. A total of 392 individuals participated in this descriptive and cross-sectional study. The survey administered to participants included sociodemographic data, skin and phenotypic features (assessed using the Fitzpatrick scale), and the Skin Cancer and Sun Knowledge Scale. The mean score of participants on the knowledge scale was 14.09±3.30, indicating a moderate level of knowledge. While 16.33% of participants reported taking no protective measures against the sun, 60.2% stated that they used sunscreen; however, only 32.63% reported using sunscreen throughout the year. The reasons cited for not using sunscreen included lack of habit (42.86%), disbelief in its necessity (18.37%), forgetfulness (10.20%), and concerns about potential harm. Knowledge levels were found to be significantly higher among women compared to men, individuals with fair skin compared to those with wheatish or dark brown complexions, individuals who used sun protection products year-round, and those who considered sun protection factor, price, skin type compatibility, and absorption level when choosing sunscreen products. In contrast, no significant associations were found between knowledge levels and eye color, natural hair color, presence of freckles, or history of sunburn. In conclusion, although individuals possess an adequate level of knowledge, it appears that this knowledge is not sufficiently translated into protective behaviors. Therefore, it is recommended that educational initiatives not only inform individuals about skin cancer and the harmful effects of sun exposure but also focus on promoting behavioral change. As the first point of contact in the healthcare system, the discipline of family medicine plays a critical role in the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of skin cancer. Key words: Fitzpatrick skin scale, skin cancer, sunscreen