The effect of foliar potassium and calcium applications on nutrient status, fruit quality and yield in apple varieties

In this study, foliar potassium and calcium fertilizers were applied individual and together to two different apples, to evaluate the effects of potassium and calcium fertilizers on yield, quality and nutrient levels and to recommend fertilization. For this purpose, Red Chief and Golden Delicious varieties were used. The trial was conducted in the apple orchard. Leaf analyzes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn); SPAD measurement, pomological analyzes (fruit weight, width, length, skin color, flesh firmness), yield were calculated. Nitrogen, P were not found important in varieties and applications, while Golden Delicious was found significant and higher than Red Chief in terms of K, Ca and Mg. According to values, it was determined that the micro elements except Fe were taken more in Red Chief than in Golden Delicious. Difference between cultivars in terms of width, height and weight was found significant, but applications were found insignificant. When examined in terms of hardness, while the difference between varieties was insignificant, the difference between applications was found to be significant. Golden Delicious had higher values than Red Chief. In terms of leaf SPAD value among cultivars, Red Chief was found higher than Golden Delicious. Appropriate fertilizer for variety is important to increase yield, quality and nutrient content when potassium and calcium fertilizers are applied separately or together in similar climatic and soil conditions. Even if there is sufficient potassium and calcium in the soil, 1% Ca + 1% K application from the leaves can increase fruit quality and yield.