Mourning in al-Jawahiris poetry elegizing persons as a model: An analytical study

The present study deals with the one of the important techniques used in Arabic poetry, called lamentation. Lamentation is considered as one of the important techniques since old eras before Islam till now. In this research, we addressed this technique (lamentation) depending on the poems of one of the well-known poets in modern era (Muhammad Mahdi Al-jawahri) who was subjected during his poitic journey to many kind of torture, exile and persecution because of his strict views toward all the successive regimes in Iraq. For this reason, studies about this poet was few, so, from this point, we wanted to study the lamentation technique in Al-jawahri poem which occupies a major part in his poetic library. The research starts with presenting the grammatical and semantic definitions of lamentation and its development through different eras, with giving examples for clarification through a brief description of this technique. And that lamentation occupied a large part of his poems, and this can be seen clearly through his library which was full of lamentations of everyone he knew, whether they are relatives or friends or even those who do not know them, and this indicates to his great technical ability and also his solid scientific knowledge as well as refers to possessing extensive language vocabulary that allow him to write so many poems of lamentation. Which led the critics of the modern era to entitle him with multiple titles such as "The Greatest Arab Poet", and "cymbal of Arabic poetry in twentieth century" as well as "Motanabi of modern era" and other titles, that deservedly worth them by the testimony of most writers, criticisms and poets. Key Words: Purposes, Death, Separation, Banishment, Lamentation.