The effects of Early Republican Period policies on Islamic calligraphy

The Westernization movement is a part of the modernization period, which began with the reform movements in the Ottoman Empire, formed the basis of the modernization movements implemented in the Republican period. The Republic's nation-state concept based on Westernization was aimed by building a new society breaking the relation with the past. The steps taken in that context affect from state administration to the social sphere, including the branches of art. Islamic calligraphy, which emerged with the evolve of writing to the level of art by gaining a different quality with the birth of Islam and reached a different level by flourishing with the Ottoman Ecole, has been one of the fields of art affected by these practices. This thesis considering the impacts of the policies of the Early Republican Period in Turkey on Islamic calligraphy. After narrating the modernization process, whose roots are traced back to the Ottoman Empire to the Republic, by focusing on historical milestones, the birth of Islamic calligraphy, and its historical course and significance examined within the framework of the Ottoman Empire period. After investigating the mentality of art in the Early Republican Period in various fields of art, the impacts of policies examined which implemented during the period on Islamic calligraphy.