Biomechanical comparison of three different fixation methods used i̇n the treatment of femoral neck fractures

In our study, it was aimed to biomechanically compare cow femurs with femoral neck fractures and fixation using 3 different fixation methods. In the study, three groups were formed by fixation with the trochanter major plate, three-hole DHS, and three cannulated screws with triangular configuration, and five soft-tissue-free cow femurs were used in each group. Pauwels Type 2 transcervical femoral neck fracture model was created by performing a 50˚ angled osteotomy. For each piece, axial loading was applied at a speed of 2 mm/min until the pieces broke. The fracture load, the fracture pattern, and the amount of displacement at the fracture load were noted. The mean fracture load was 4856.83±828.34 N in the DHS group, 7688.20±1789.83 N in the KV group, and 3964.00±1187.10 N in the MP group. The mean displacement values were noted as 32.12±8.8 mm, 30.13±11.85 mm and 17.5±3.62 mm, respectively. While there was no statistically significant difference between DHS and KV in terms of fixation strength, they were significantly superior to the MP group. Our data showed that KV had better fixation durability than DHS and MP in the transcervical femoral neck fracture model. Although no significant difference was found between DHS and KV in terms of fixation strength, it was observed that KV had biomechanical benefits compared to DHS and MP, considering the maximum breaking loads and displacement values.