The importance of serum AFABP (Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein), leptin, resistin and adiponectin levels in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and normal glucose tolerance

The Importance of Serum AFABP (Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein), Leptin, Resistin and Adiponectin Levels in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normal Glucose ToleranceOBJECTİVES: To evaluate the changes in serum Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein (AFABP), leptin, resistin and adiponectin levels in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to assess the relationship between these cytokines and abnormalities in glucose metabolism.METHOD: 52 singleton pregnants between 24.-28. gestational weeks diagnosed as GDM and 56 healthy pregnant women with correlative properties who did not have glucose intolerance were included in the study. During GDM screening, serum AFABP, leptin, resistin and adiponectin levels were measured with ELİSA (Enzyme-Linked İmmuno Sorbent Assay). The differences between the estimates of GDM group and normal glucose tolerance group were analyzed. The associations between these estimates and other clinical and laboratory parameters were also assessed.RESULTS: Serum resistin levels were significantly higher (p=0.032) and serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower (p=0.021) in patients with GDM compared to pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance. Serum leptin and AFABP levels showed no significant difference between the GDM group and normal glucose tolerance group (p=0.444, p=0.143). Correlation analysis of AFABP levels and other parameters determined a positive correlation between AFABP levels and age, leptin, Body Mass Index (BMI), HbA1C, CRP and triglyceride levels. On the other hand, there was a negative correlation between AFABP levels and HDL levels. There was a negative correlation between adiponectin levels and resistin, insulin, HOMA-IR, CRP and triglyceride levels and a positive correlation between HDL and adiponectin levels. At the time of diagnosis there was no significant difference between the normal glucose tolerance group and the GDM group for BMI (p=0.062). HOMA-IR index of GDM group was significantly higher than the normal glucose tolerance group (p<0.001).CONCLUSİONS: It should be considered that, in patients with GDM, the increase in serum resistin levels and the decrease in serum adiponectin levels could play a role in the changes in glucose metabolism and development of insulin resistance.KEY WORDS: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, AFABP, leptin, resistin, adiponectin