Metophor and allusion in the Arabic linguists up to Hijri VII. century

Metaphor, a term of rhetoric, defined as: "The figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied so that it is impossible to understand of the true meaning because of the existence of a presumption, but it is used in a way that there is a link between them". Like so, another term of rhetoric is allusion which means: "The word which is used outside the true meaning while it is possible to use in its real meaning". From the common aspects of all languages and the important expression of the Arabic language, the supposed existence of metaphor and allusion has begun to be noticed from the beginning of the Age of Ignorance (Jahilliyyah), which is the beginning point of Arabic language and literature. These efforts in the Arab-Islamic society, which are directed towards linguistic research in an attempt to understand the religious texts of the Qur'an, have concentrated on the forms of expression as well as the structure and structure of the language and its grammar. The discipline of recital (البيان) which studies the ways in which a narrative can be expressed in different forms and branches of these forms, metaphor and allusion, have been the topic of the whole of the linguistic research from the beginning. In the beginning, metaphor and allusion, was seen a linguistic phenomenon and literary styles but have undergone a long conceptualization in linguistic research conducted in different environments. This process was directly influenced by the cultural development stages of the Muslim community. The first language and grammar activities to detect and construct the language vocabulary, structure and rules of the language was the exegetical studies carried out in an effort to reach the correct meanings of the words and expressions of the Qur'an. Linguistic discussions of sects that emerged through time were another dimension. Collection of existing literary accumulation and the systematization of literary criticism activities and the effects of foreign cultures were also the stages that constitute this process. This process has resulted in conceptualizing of metaphor and allusion and at the same time points out to the development of the science of rhetoric (al-balagha). Keywords: Arabic Linguistics, Truth, Metaphor, Allusion, al-Balagha, al-Bayan.