Fatah movements in Southeastern Anatolian During the term of Hz. Ömer

Al Cezire is the name of the region which has a long tradition between the Tigris and Euphrates. According to Grek sources; the region between Tigris and Euphrates was called as Mesopotamia but Arabs divided the region into two parts and renamed the south as Sevad or Iraq and to north as Cezire. Namely; Cezire refers to the upper Mesopotamia. Babylonians, Assyrians, Hitties, Persians, The great Alexander, Seleucid, Romans, Byzantine and Sassanids dominated to this region respectively. The purpose of the Muslim Arabs conquered Syria and Iraq now is to capture this area. As a matter of fact Hz. Ömer referred the conquest of Southeastern Anatolia region which takes place in Al-Cezire to Iyad b. Ganem. Iyad b. Ganem with the help of Halid b Velid, conquerred many cities and important castles in the region. Thus, the mentioned places, in general, are under the domination of Islam without war. The expansion in this place was against the Byzantine and Persian empires which were the largest states at that time. Also; Islam religion found the opportunity of spreading without enforcement among the people in this place.Key Words: Al-Cezire, Tigris, Euphrates, Mesopotamia, Southeastern Anatolia, Iyad b. Ganem, Halid b. Velid, Islam.