The effect of genotype, environment and genotype x environment interaction on quality and yield in two-and six-row barley (hordeum vulgare L.) line/cultivars

This study was conducted in Diyarbakır and Adıyaman provinces with different agro-ecological characteristics during the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing seasons. The research was carried out to determine the high-quality feed and malt barley genotypes suitable for the Southeast Anatolia Region. In the study, 12 barley genotypes (5 two-row barley and 5 six-row barley, advanced barley lines, Altıkat and Sahin-91 varieties) were used as materials. 6 kg phosphorus (P2O5) and 6 kg nitrogen (N) were applied to the decare with the sowing and the rest of the nitrogen (6 kg/da) was given in the tillering period. In this study, according to two-years experiment results of genotypes; chlorophyll content (SPAD) 42.1-48.7, canopy temperature 26.7-28.2, plant height 100-115 cm, grain number per spike 29.6-59.8, grain weight per spike 1.13-2.06, grain yield 415.3-653.5 kg da-1, thousand grain weight 31.8-43.7 g, test weight 62.4-69.0 kg, protein 11.1-14.1 %, grain size (> 2.5 mm) 40.4-79.0, glume rate 9.4-12.9 %, friability 36.3-61.5 %, extract rate 71.2-74.9 %, β-glycan ratio 3.6-5.3 has ranged. Also, it was determined that genotype 4 performed well adaptation to all environmental conditions, genotype 3, 7, 8 and 12 showed moderate adaptation to all environmental conditions, and genotype 1 and Altıkat were well adapted to well environmental conditions according to stability analysis carried out with grain yield. In this study, it was found that there was no significant the number of rows in the spike on investigated traits (test weight, grain size, glume ratio, friability ratio, extract rate) which have impact on malt quality. Also, it might be suggested that Adıyaman Province is more suitable for malt barley cultivation. As a result, it was determined that environmental conditions significantly affect yield, yield components, quality and malt characteristics of barley genotypes. Superior genotypes were determined in terms of grain yield and quality.