Determination of plant parasitic nematodes in cereal areas of Isparta and Burdur provinces and investigation of the interaction of the endoparasitic nematodes with Fusarium Culmorum in wheat

In this study, Pratylenchus spp. and Pratylenchoides spp. plant-parasitic nematodes were found common in cereal areas of Isparta and Burdur provinces and root densities were the level of economic damage or above this in many areas. As a result of morphological diagnosis, four species from Root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus penetrans, P. thornei, P. neglectus, P. crenatus) were determined. Whereas P. neglectus was the dominant species in wheat in Burdur and Isparta provinces, P. thornei was found more in barley. Pratylenchoides spp. was found to be 53.3% and 51% in roots in Burdur and Isparta provinces, respectively. In vitro, the effect of spore suspension and culture filtrates of F. culmorum isolates (ISP, B4, FC5) on P. thornei, P. neglectus and P. penetrans was investigated and high nematicidal effect was determined in culture filtrates. Isolate, nematode species, time, and concentration were important in this effect. Spore suspension and culture filtrate of F. culmorum B4 isolates and P. thornei, P. neglectus and P. penetrans interaction showed significant differences according to plant cultivation, application time, nematode species, and density under controlled conditions. The nematicidal effect of culture filtrate application which identified in vitro could not be determined under controlled conditions. Nutritional wounds of Root lesion nematodes did not a significant contribution of positively on the severity of disease in the 2-49 wheat line which is resistant to F. culmorum. However, it was determined that the disease severity could increase with increasing nematode density. While the application of F. culmorum in the form of spore suspension or culture filtrate did not affect the density and reproduction rate of the Root lesion nematodes, the application time was found to be important. It was determined that the first factor entering the wheat plant negatively affected the development of the other factor. Key Words: Root lesion nematode, Fusarium culmorum, Interaction, Wheat, Culture filtrate