Spirodiclofen resistance in tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations collected from oil rose production areas in Isparta province

This study investigated the development of spirodiclofen resistance by bioassay and biochemical methods in Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations which collected from Isparta province and districts during the oil rose production season 2018. In Isparta province total 10 populations of T. urticae were collected; 3 populations from Deregumu district, 3 populations from Ardicli district, 2 populations from Atabey district, 2 populations from Gonen district. The leaf disc-spraying tower method was used to determine the resistance levels of the populations. 7 insecticide doses + 1 control group were used in the experiments. Each group consisted of 3 iteration. In each iteration, there are 25 two spotted spider mite individuals. Spirodiclofen application was applied to the leaf surface at a pressure of 1 bar using 2 mL spraying tower. The resistance ratios for Deregumu-1, Deregumu-2, Deregumu-3, Atabey-1, Atabey-2, Ardicli-1, Ardicli-2, Ardicli-3, Gonen-1, Gonen-2 was found to be 1.91, 1.17, 1.17, 1.37, 1.71, 1.61, 2.02, 1.97, 1.91, 1.91-fold, respectively. Esterase and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) enzyme activities for the same populations was found to be 10.98, 11.00, 10.89, 11.15, 11.80, 11.46, 11.40, 10.25, 11.71, 10.98 and 2.08, 2.05, 2.00, 2.15, 2.09, 2.18, 2.26, 2.12, 2.05, 2.01 mOD min-1mg-1, respectively. The esterase and GST enzyme activities of the susceptible population was found to be 11.20 and 2.30 mOD min-1mg-1, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between esterase and GST enzyme levels in T. urticae populations collected from oil roses and esterase and GST enzyme levels in susceptible population. Synergistic effects of esterase inhibitor S-Benzyl-O,O-diisopropyl phoshorothiate (IBP) and GST inhibitor diethylmaleate (DEM) synergistic were not found to be very high. When the results were evaluated together, it was determined that T. urticae collected from oil rose areas had low rate of spirodiclofen resistance in the field populations and consequently not increase in detoxification enzymes. Key Words: Tetranychus urticae, resistance, spirodiclofen, synergist, detoxification enzymes, oil rose 2019, 33 pages