Based on urban transformation environmental pollution analysis with transport, recovery and disposal of planning of construction and demolition wastes: Istanbul Kadikoy case study

After the Industrial Revolution, especially environmental problems have increased with the rapid increase of the population. Particularly after the earthquake in 1999, the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the buildings were foreground. Today, due to increasing population density in cities, the activity of the construction sector, which is known as the locomotive sector, is felt more and more. Some problems have begun to arise with the urban transformation process, which started at risky buildings due to the need to raise the quality of life and make it more durable. In the process of this urban transformation which is manifested especially in Turkey as "urban regeneration", risky buildings have been demolished and new buildings have begun to build. The increasing number of highrise buildings with urban transformation has also brought some environmental problems like heat island. Carcinogenic asbestos, another factor that triggers the formation of air pollution, which is used old buildings especially built before 2010, is a serious health threat for the people living in that area if the necessary precautions are not taken in the demolition process. Particulate matter mixed into the air originating from the construction and wreckage wastes generated during the reconstruction of buildings are also threats for human health. Noise pollution in regions where urban transformation is experienced intensively, various psychological disorders are increased. Environmental pollution has increased considerably due to this urban transformation process, which is being carried out intensively in Istanbul. Lack of precaution and adequate public awareness in this issue cause these problems to continue. As the recycling of construction and demolition wastes can not be realized in our country sufficiently, excavation land, construction and demolition wastes by trucks have been increasingly moved to the storage areas. This situation, which causes the traffic load to increase significantly, has serious problems especially in metropolitan cities. As long as these trucks are moved to the relevant areas especially in metropolitan cities, some excavation land, construction and demolition wastes truck drivers are casting construction and demolition wastes in the city center where the municipality does not allow. This situation causes land and visual pollution and these wastes may cause groundwater pollution by rainfall etc. mixing with groundwater. In the current literature, there are mainly issues such as management of construction and demolition waste and recycling of concrete used as aggregate. Reducing construction and demolition wastes, providing recycling of these wastes and making the necessary legal arrangements to reduce environmental problems are important for creating a sustainable city. In the international literature, there are countries which are successful about recycling of construction and demolition wastes. In our country, however, there are no legal requirements and adequate recovery facilities for the recycling of construction and demolition wastes. There is a shortage of whether these wastes contribute to the formation of environmental pollution. Reducing construction and debris wastes, providing recycling of these wastes and making the necessary legal arrangements to reduce environmental problems constitute an important place in creating a sustainable city. In the international literature, there are countries that recycle construction waste considerably. In our country, it is not yet possible to regain the legal necessity and sufficient recovery facilities for the recovery of such wastes in a certain area. This thesis determinated that the project will contribute significantly to the development of a method for reducing construction and demolition wastes, especially the environmental problems, the economic dimension of recovery and the problems of transport. The unique value of the project is a Geographical Information System (GIS) based mapping of the environmental pollution due to urban transformation.