Evaluation of the efficiency of nursing care based on self-care deficiency theory in adolescents with cystic fibrosis

This study was conducted to examine the effect of nursing care planned and applied based on Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory on self-care knowledge and skills in adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis. The study was conducted as a randomized controlled study. The research was carried out in Hacettepe University İhsan Doğramacı Children's Hospital Pediatric Pulmonology Department between February and September 2019. The sample of the study consisted of 30 adolescents with cystic fibrosis, 15 intervention and 15 in the control group. The Socio-Demographic Data Form and the Self-Care Requisites Evaluation Form in Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis were used to collect the data. Seven home visits were made to the adolescents in the intervention group and two home visits to the adolescents in the control group. Data collection forms were applied to the adolescents in the intervention group during the first home visit and the prepared education booklet was given. In the following visits, an individualized nursing care plan was applied to the adolescents in line with their self-care knowledge and skill needs. In the seventh home visit, the self-care evaluation form was applied again. The adolescents in the control group received standard care from the outpatient clinic and data collection forms were applied to these adolescents during two home visits with an interval of 4.5 months. After the intervention, the total self-care knowledge scores of the adolescents in the intervention group were found to be significantly higher than those in the control group. (z=-4.451; p=0.000). The number of adolescents independently performing self-care skills (nebulizer use and cleaning and airway cleaning device use and cleaning) after home visits in the intervention group increased. The need for all nursing interventions of the patients in the intervention group decreased significantly over time. In line with these findings, regular home visits were recommended to improve the self-care skills of adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis and to use Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory during visits.