Foundations of liberal political ontology and epistemology

Modern consciousness has developed as a product of the alienation process that emerged with the questioning and loss of the classical transcendent truth claim which started with the Renaissance Period. Historically, liberal theory has assumed the political and economic carrier of this development process of modernity. Therefore, it can be said that liberal theory developed in parallel with modernity. In this respect, the tense nature of modernity shaped by the dualism of determinism-free will (discipline-freedom), and the ontological and epistemological transformations brought about by modern consciousness, inevitably continued their existence in liberal theory. In the face of this structure of modernity, the ideal of liberal theory is to ensure a sustainable social reconciliation by enabling the rationalization of individual and social relations. For this purpose, it attempts to create a society with a new political and economic understanding. From this point of view, the aim of this study is to reveal the ontological and epistemological foundations of liberal theory within the framework of the intellectual background of truth.