Comparison of personal, clinical and pathological features in patients with metastatic colon carcinoma and evaluation of whether associated with longer survival

Objective: Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. It seems the third most common cancer in men after prostate and lung, in women after breast and lung cancer. Colon cancer is the third most frequent type of cancer among all cancers in our country. In colon cancers, there are many biological, molecular, genetic and tissue origin prognostic factors which determines the prognosis of the cancer except stage of the disease. Among these, vascular invasion, number of involved regional lymph nodes and preoperative CEA level are the prominent factors. In this study, we aimed to invastigate personal, clinical, tumoral and treatment characteristics which may be associated with long personal survival of metastatic colon cancer. Materials and methods: In this study, 103 patients who admitted to Karadeniz Technical University Medicine Faculty Oncology clinic or inpatient at Oncology service and had diagnosed with metastatic colon cancer in between 2010 and 2016. Age, gender, family history, place of residence, smoking, aspirin use, comorbidities, performance status, tumor stage, tumor localization, whether primary surgery is performed, which chemotherapy is used, targeted therapy use, K-RAS status, CEA value, biochemical parameters (albumin, LDH, ALP, platelets) were determined and overall survival rates were evaluated among patients enrolled in the study. Later, the multivariate analysis (cox regression analysis) applied to significant factors. Findings: According to univariate analysis of metastatic colorectal cancer, surgery to primary tumor, targeted treatment intake, combined chemotherapy intake, age <65 years; CEA, LDH and ALP levels which were normal and not increased and platelet counts that were not increased compared to normal found to be significant factors prolonging survival. In addition, according to the result of multivariate analysis patients who were performed surgery to primary tumor, patients whose platelet level was normal or low at diagnosis were evaluated to be better survival than other factors affecting survival. The other parameters we have examined gender, family structure, country of residence, a history of cancer in my family, the presence of a doctor or nurse in the family of patients, smoking, aspirin use, tumor region, histological grade, and the patient's performance status at the time of diagnosis, body mass index, fever, night sweats and the presence of weight loss, the region of metastasis; the number of white blood cells, neutrophils and basophils, cholesterol levels were analysed and found that they were not statistically significant in terms of survival. Result: Among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer; the patiens who got surgical treatment to primary tumor and whose platelet level was low or normal at the time of diagnosis, were seen to have long survival without being affected by the other factors. Consequently, prognostic factors are important in metastatic colorectal cancer and more comprehensive studies are needed that can be done about that.