Investigation of macronutrient intake in patients hospitalized in orthopedics and traumatology on their complications and hospitalization time by determination their nutritional status

This study was carried out to examine the relationship between nutritional and macromineral intake levels with the duration of hospital stay and the complications in patients with the orthopedic diagnosis. The study sample consisted of 85 patients who were hospitalized in Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Health Practice and Research Hospital Orthopedics and Traumatology Service who diagnosed with the orthopedic disease. In order to determine patients' demographic information, anthropometric measurements, nutritional status, and habits, a questionnaire was applied in face-to-face interviews. Nutritional status of the participants examined with the Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire; Nutritional risk was also determined with the NRS 2002. Among the patient, there was 17,7% femoral fracture, 12,9% tibia/fibula fracture, 12,9% foot/ankle fracture, 14,1% arm fracture, 23,5% arthroscopic surgery, 10,6% knee prosthesis and 8,3% hip replacements have been diagnosed. Complications were seen in 47,1% of the patients after hospitalization; It was found that as the consumption of potassium increased, loss of appetite and diarrhea decreased statistically (p <0.05). Low serum HGB was observed in 82,4% of prosthetic joint patients and in 25% of arthroscopic surgery patients. The decrease in HGB has been found statistically significantly higher in prosthetic patients compared to arthroscopic surgery patients (p = 0,001). As a result of the NRS 2002 evaluation, 5,88% of the patients are at risk of malnutrition (p <0,05). It was determined that the patients whose nutritional status were at risk were statistically significantly more hospitalized (p <0.05). Men consume statistically significantly more energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate than women (p <0,001). Ca, P, K, Fe consumption in male patients was statistically significantly higher than in women (p <0,001). In this study, it was observed that female patients in Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Orthopedics and Traumatology service could not meet their daily calcium and iron needs in general. According to the results, the nutrition program planned by the dietician will contribute to the shortening of the hospital stay and the prevention of malnutrition. Keywords: Nutrition, Malnutrition, Complication, Orthopedics