Problem behaviors exhibited by students with special needs in the home environment and determination of preventive strategies used by parents

The purpose of this research is to identify problem behaviors and preventive strategies used by parents which individuals whit special needs exhibit in the home enviroment. For this purpose, 12 boys and 8 girls who have been educated in various special education schools in Konya province and who have been involved in different age and obstacle in various special education schools in the home environment have been determined as 20 students. The working group of our research constitutes the parents of these students. In our study, phenomenological approach was preferred from qualitative research methods. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form and case study so that parents can get their views on problem behaviors exhibited in the home environment and identify the preventive strategies they use. Analysis of data from the semi-structured interview form and analysis of the data belonging to the case study form were analyzed by the content analysis method. When the findings obtained as a result of the research were examined, it was determined that the problem behaviors exhibited by the students with special needs were the most aggressive / striking behavior. Other behaviors exhibited in the home environment have been identified as crying, overeating, shouting, harming the environment/ech, dressing, fear and self-harm. It has been determined that these behaviors are generally exhibited more than 5 times a day and for 15-60 minutes. When opinions about the functions of this problem behavior are examined, it is determined that it is the most object or activity to reach the activity. It has been determined that family members prefer to offer the most options as a preventive strategy in problem behaviors exhibited in the home environment. Then, in turn; It has been determined that they prefer to avoid problem behavior by removing it from the environment and putting physical barriers. In the problem behaviors exhibited in the home environment, the family members will be most ignored as an intervention in behavior; It has been determined that they demonstrate the behavior of punishment, giving children what they want (problem behavior), moving away from the environment. In problem behaviors exhibited in the home environment, it has been determined that family members prefer to extend the repetition of problem behavior by reinforcing it as an intervention after behavior. It has been determined that the problem behaviors exhibited in the home environment negatively affect family life, the family prefers to isolate itself from society and feel tired. It has been determined that the strategy most recommended by the participants regarding the preventive strategies that should be used in case studies involving problem behaviors exhibited in the home environment is to offer options. The methods proposed by the participants regarding the intervention methods that should be used in case studies involving problem behaviors exhibited in the home environment; It has been determined as ignoring, moving away from the environment, not performing the function of problem behavior and criminal methods. Participants' suggestions regarding post-behavioral intervention methods that should be used in case studies involving problem behaviors exhibited in the home environment; The problem was to perform the function of the behavior and to calm down by giving alternative reinforcements. As a result, it has been determined that the problem behaviors exhibited by students with special needs are similar to the problem behaviors exhibited in other settings. It has been determined that the participants do not have enough information in the prevention and response strategies for problem behavior. In addition, it has been determined that the strategies used and proposed by the participants do not overlap in general. It is noteworthy that parents with high knowledge have problems implementing strategies.