Effects of cytokine gene expression of replicative defective TYPE 5 adenoviral vectors on tumor cells

Gene therapy has been tried in many diseases, especially cancer, for the last 30 years, and several products have been routinely used in recent years. In gene therapy, especially viral vectors are often used. During the Covid-19 pandemic process, adenoviral vector-based vaccines have been routinely introduced. In particular, the vaccines use replication defective adenoiviral vectors. In addition to the effects of antigens or therapeutic genes used in cancer treatment of Adenoviral vectors, there are also some effects from the vectors themselves. In particular, the effects of recombinant vectors on immune responses and inflammation are not well known. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the replication-defevtive addenoviral vector administration on the secretion of immunosuppressive and inflammatory cytokines in normal and tumor cells. We transduced the HUVEC (human umbilical cord and endothotelial cell), HeLa (human cervical cancer cell line), and MCF7 (human breast cancer cell line) cell lines by defective AdV-5 vectors. Then we assayed the mRNA and protein expression of immune suppressive and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta by qPCR and western blotting. In the immune response to replicative defective type 5 viral adenoviral vaccine and treatment vectors, in vitro conditions, we see that pro-inflammation genes have similarly demonstrated a change in expression at mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, the suppression of immunosuppressive IL-10 and TGF-Beta supports the usability of those vectors as vaccines and suggests that adenoviral vectors may be a good choice in cancer treatment.