Investigation of the effects of quercetin and low-level laser therapy in cisplatin-induced in vitro peripheral neuropathy model

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is caused by the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. Pharmacological agents and photobiostimulators are used in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy to minimize neuronal loss resulting from cisplatin. However, the mechanism of action and efficacy of these methods are not clear and are being investigated. We investigated the effects of quercetin and low-level laser therapy in an undifferentiated and NGF-differentiated PC12 cell line which for cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy was created. PC12 cells line was used. Cisplatin, quercetin, and low-level laser therapy were treated with undifferentiated and differentiated PC12 cells. Cells were performed on cell viability, the induction of apoptosis, the alterations in mitopotential, LDH, and RT-PCR analysis. Our results indicated that cisplatin caused an increase in apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, LDH activity and, a decrease in cell viability, expressions of GAP-43, and Synapsin I gene in both undifferentiated and differentiated PC12 cells. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and LDH activity decreased when cisplatin with quercetin and cisplatin with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) separately applied in both undifferentiated and differentiated PC12 cells. However, cisplatin and a combination of therapy (quercetin+LLLT) caused an increase in total apoptosis, total depolarization, and LDH activity and, a decrease in cell viability, expressions of GAP-43, and Synapsin I gene. In In this study, that the appropriate doses of quercetin and low-level laser therapy may be used for the treatment of cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy through quercetin and low-level laser therapy affected on cells. The results revealed the efficacy of separate applications of quercetin and low-level laser therapy in vitro cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy model. However, no treatment efficacy of the combined therapy was observed. The mechanisms of the combined therapy shall be investigated in future studies.