Investigation of SCARB1 gene polymorphism in TYPE 2 diabetes

Diabetes Mellitus (DM), shortly Diabetes, is a complex disease which is very common and getting more and more common on all around the World. Diabetes is a group of metabolic disease which is characterized by very high levels of glucose or blood sugar. This disease can be detected by checking the blood glucose level. Insulin produced by the pancreas helps glucose to be used as an energy inside the cell which is taken by the food. Diabetes can occur when insulin could not produced or production is insufficent. Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes can be related with cardiovascular diseases and many other diseases and it can be fetal. The rate of diabetes is increasing day by day all around the World. In 1980 there was 108 millions diabetes patients in the earth but this number has been increased to 422 millions in 2016. This number is expected to reach 642 millions in 2040. Insulin is a hormone which is produced by the Beta-cells in the pancreas and helps to regulate glucose transportation in the body. Insulin secration increases when the glucose level in the body gets high and stops the production of glucose. Glucagon gets involve when the glucose level decreased. Glucagon hormone is also produced in the pancreast but from the Alpha-cells and leads to glucose production. Scavenger Receptor Class B Type 1 (SCARB1, SR-BI) is a cell surface receptor with many ligands and it is the member of Scavenger Receptor Class B gene family. In humans, SCARB1 gene is located on the chromosome 12 and gene is located exactly at 12q24.31. This gene has 13 exons and its size is 75 kb. SCARB1 protein is composed with 509 amino acids and its molecular weight is 8kDA. SCARB1 gene is mostly expressed in the liver and less in other cell types. In this research, found statistical significance between body mass index and HDL levels in case groups. LDL cholesterol levels have been found higher in control groups. When Type 2 Diabetes and SCARB1 G>A polymorphisms observed there was statistical significance. To have more accurate results we assume that to have more controls and cases.