Population in Tonus district (H. 1257-1262 M. 1842-1846)

In the Ottoman Empire, it is observed that the cencus of the population and the land had been done at various intervals from the foundation to the end of the 16th century. In the 19th century, a new cencus was needed to meet the new founded army's military needs when the guild of Janissraies were abolished. The male population living in the Ottoman empire was determined by the cencus done with this purpase. As a result of cencuses made in 19th century, the population records in the archives under the name of the register of population are very essential in terms of local history studies when it is thought of the increasing interest of people tomards the history of family and the city in recent years. Our study provides statisticaland historical data which shed light on the historical origins of Altınyayla and Ulaş which the districts of Sivas nowadays. Except these data, this study also has the characterisrics of being the genealogy book that will enlighten the roos of the family surnames used by most of the people in the region and reveal the origins of families. In this study, the population structure of the registered books coded as Nfs.d. 2473, Nfs.d. 2474, Nfs.d. 2475, Nfs.d. 2476, Nfs.d. 2477, Nfs.d. 3834, Nfs.d. 7276 and Nfs.d. 7289, which belonged to the Tonus district, between the years of 1842-1846, and also placed in the otoman archives of the prime ministry, were examined. The information of Muslim and non-Muslim in the registered books has been translated into modern Turkish and social, economical and administrative structure of the region has been tried to be put forward by the tables and the graphics in order to beter interpret the date obtained. Key Words: Demography, Tonus, Altınyayla, Ulaş, Population.