The effect of preoperative exercise training on postoperative clinical and functional results in patients receiving total knee prosthesis

Objective: The study aims to examine the clinical, functional and radiological results of preoperative exercise training in patients with gonarthritis in the knee in a prospective manner in patients undergoing total knee prosthesis surgery. Material and Method: A series of 50 studies involving 68 patients with primary osteoarthritis were conducted at the Orthopaedic and Traumatological Clinic of the Harran University School of Medicine between May 2022 and July 2023. Patients aged 50 and over were included in the study with primary osteoarthritis, varicose gonarthrosis, while patients aged under 50 were excluded from the study, such as patients with reumatoid arthritis, post-traumatic artritis or septic arthrosis secondary osteoartritis, valgus gonartrosis, and patients undergoing the same session bilateral knee prosthesis. The patients were given a cemented total knee prosthesis that protects the back cross bond. Patients in the training group were asked to practice the exercises recommended by the American Society of Heel and Knee Surgeons in the pre-operative period after their exercise training 12 weeks prior to surgery. The patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically at the start of the study and two weeks after the surgery. The American Knee Society scores and WOMAC scores were compared to pre-operative scores for TAMPA kinesiophobia. The patient's radiological evaluation was based on the Total Knee Prothesis Radiological Evaluation Criteria. The results were compared to the control group with preoperative training and the non-training group. Results: Of the 50 patients included in the study, 7 (13.7) were males and 43 (84.3) were females. The median age of the patients was 64.90 ±7.29 years. Patients' vascular pain scarring dropped to an average of 8.16 in the pre-operative exercise group, 7.96 in the control group, and 4.2 in the 3.4 control group in the post-optional exercise group. in both groups, the pain-related scores improved, and these improvements were statistically significant. Analysis of intra-group data on patients' results of flexion and extension showed improvements in scores associated with joint movement transparency in both groups, which were statistically significant. The patients had an average of 11.52±4.65 varus in the pre-surgical exercise group and 13±4.5 varuses in the control group, while the post-operative exercise group had an average of 2.62±1.82 valgus, 2,61±2.08 in the controlling group.in the study of patients with TAMPA kinesiophobia, an average of 40,16±3,44 in the pre-operative exercise group was 39,12±3,01 in the control group, whereas in the post-optional exercise group, these values were 30,96±4,14 and in the exercise group 33,08±2,94. None of the patients were diagnosed with osteolysis during radiological examination. During the follow-up of the patients, no deep prostatic infection was and no revision was observed. Consequently, the rehabilitation process is essential to enhance the functional capacities of patients after TDA and their independence in daily life. In total knee prosthesis surgery, which is thought to be degenerative and afonctional in patients with osteoarthritis, the pre-operative exercise training program is believed to have a healing power in post-operational patients. Pre-operative rehabilitation enables patients to increase their muscle strength reserve and raise awareness for procedural approaches. Keywords: Osteoarthritis, gonarthrosis, arthroplastia, preoperative exercise training