Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi'nden yakalanan tekir balıklarında (Mullus surmuletus) polisiklik hidrokarbon düzeylerinin ve biyobelirteç enzim aktivitelerinin belirlenmesi

Induction of CYP1A and associated 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity are the best characterized and used biomarkers of exposure of fish to organic pollutants such as PCBs, PAHs and dioxins. The presence of CYP1A inducer chemicals in the West Black Sea coast of Turkey have been shown by EROD activity measurements in flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus), golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) and soiuy mullet (Mugil soiuy) in our previous study (Bozcaarmutlu et al., 2009). In this study, our aim was to assess the suitability of striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus) in monitoring of environmental pollution and continue to monitor the pollution present in the West Black Sea coast of Turkey in flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus) and golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) samples caught from the West Black Sea coast of Turkey. Fish samples were caught from five different stations having a varying degree of pollution in the West Black Sea coast of Turkey in 2011. Highly elevated EROD activities were measured in all fish species caught from Zonguldak and Ereğli Harbours. The lowest EROD activities were measured in all fish samples caught from Amasra and Kefken. The differences in EROD activities between stations were at comparable values between striped red mullet and the other fish species. This result indicates that striped mullet is a suitable organisms to monitor CYP1A inducer chemicals. In addition to EROD activity measurements, the levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase and glutathione reductase activities were also measured in striped red mullet samples. The GST and glutathione reductase enzyme activities were insensitive to the pollutants present in different stations in the West Black Sea Region of Turkey. Besides these biochemical parameters, the concentrations of 13 different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were also measured in fish liver tissues to determine the types of PAHs present in fish liver tissues. The concentrations of PAHs measured in striped red mullet were higher than those measured in flathead mullet and golden grey mullet in all sampling stations.