Energy analysis of housing structure with building energy modeling method: Ankara Yeşiltepe building cooperative example

Technological advancements lead to increased production speed, but they also result in the rapid depletion of energy resources and environmental impacts. Therefore, energy-efficient building design is crucial for sustainable environments. In energy-efficient building design, it is important to focus on renewable energy sources, incorporate climate-appropriate and passive climate control principles, utilize recyclable materials, and prefer local materials. As the population rapidly grows, there is an increasing demand for housing, necessitating the implementation of energy-efficient design measures in residential buildings. When designing residential structures, decisions should be made to reduce heating, cooling, and artificial lighting loads by utilizing sunlight. Energy-efficient building design benefits from technological advancements in the construction sector. Building Information Modelling (BIM) allows for the simulation of construction and operation processes in a virtual environment. Building Energy Modelling (BEM) is created by incorporating energy data into the BIM model. BEM includes building geometry, climate data, building materials, and mechanical-electrical systems, enabling a comprehensive analysis of energy performance. The aim of this study is to analyze the energy performance of existing non-energy-efficient residential buildings and propose energy-efficient improvement methods using simulation software based on the BEM approach. The selected data such as geometry, climate, location, activities, mechanical, and electrical systems of Block 1 belonging to Ankara Yeşiltepe Building Cooperative were modelled using the BEM method to conduct an energy analysis. Based on the results obtained from the energy analysis of the current state, energy-efficient improvement scenarios were devised and each scenario was compared with the current state. Finally, the implementation of all improvement scenarios revealed the extent of energy efficiency achieved in the building. The study demonstrated that measures can improve thermal comfort conditions, significantly reduce heating energy consumption, and integrate alternative electrical energy into the building through the use of photovoltaic panels to meet energy loads such as lighting.