Bir kitle-kaynak servisi için referans model önerisi

Crowdsourcing is a distributed problem-solving model in which a crowd of undefined size is engaged to solve a basic or a complicated problem through an open call. This thesis gives definitions, importance, advantages and disadvantages of crowdsourcing. It presents the traditional system overview of crowdsourcing. Moreover, popular crowdsourcing applications are described and analyzed. Our aim is to present the important issues in crowdsourcing and how those are realized so far. Components and activities within crowdsourcing process are identified. We extract all known components and properties of crowdsourcing applications and design a reference model based on these features for cloud systems. The reference model is outlined in four phases. In each phase, we present interactions between entities and give a clear picture of crowdsourcing working logic. Thesis also studies in detail all factors that have effect on the crowdsourcing process. It explores how companies, organizations or individuals leverage the latest internet technologies to build applications that attract the crowd. Participation of crowd as one of the most important factor in the success of crowdsourcing platforms is explored. Task design process, types and features of tasks are identified by studying applications developed so far. In addition, the thesis shows how tasks should be designed to accomplish communication among the crowd or with the requester efficiently. Tasks manager is also discussed, which is responsible to control and distribute tasks in the crowdsourcing platform. The motivation behind crowdsourcing, both from the company's and the crowd's perspectives are investigated. It is easy to see why companies want to adopt crowdsourcing, however, it is hard to explain why so many people are willing to spend their time on activities that they will pay low (or even none). As cloud-based services have become widely adopted, a cloudified reference model has been emergent for crowdsourcing platforms and applications. This thesis, for the first time, introduces a cloudified, four-phase reference model for crowdsourcing along with a generic workflow for crowdsourcing development utilizing the facilities offered by cloud service providers. Moreover, useful insights are presented for the evolution of today's online crowdsourcing applications and platforms towards the concept of crowdsourcing as a service. The detailed reference model introduced in the thesis will be helpful to show directions to the crowdsourcing platform/application developers. This research aims to contribute for a better understanding of the crowdsourcing process.