Breast cancer risk assessment in A screening program with and without A diagnosis of breast cancer: A case control study

The research was carried out to determine the suitability of these models and known risk factors for our society by evaluating the breast cancer risk status of women who were diagnosed with breast cancer or not among breast cancer screening participants with the Gail model, Tyrer Cuzick model, and the breast cancer risk assessment index of the Turkish Ministry of Health. The case-control type study was conducted in Balıkesir Atatürk City Hospital KETEM Unit between August 2021 and January 2023. Sample size; 57 women (cases) diagnosed with breast cancer and 228 women who were not diagnosed with breast cancer (controls) consisted of 51 cases and 162 control group participants. The dependent variable of the study is whether or not you have been diagnosed with breast cancer. Fisher Exact Test, Yates Test, Pearson Chi-square Tests and Odds Ratio were used in univariate analyses, and Binary Logistic Regression analysis method was used in further analyses. The difference between the breast cancer risk scores of the case and control groups was evaluated with the Man Whitney U test. Roc analysis was conducted to determine the suitability of risk measurement tools for our society. If the obtained p values were less than 0.05, the difference was considered significant. While the median Gail 5-year risk score was 1.10 in the case group, it was 1.00 in the control group, and while the median Gail lifetime risk score was 7.20 in the case group, it was 7.60 in the control group. According to the Ministry of Health form, the median risk score of the case group was 175.00, while it was 165.00 for the control group. While the median Tyrer Cuzick 10-year risk score was 2.30 in the case group, it was 1.80 in the control group and while the median Tyrer Cuzick lifetime risk score was 7.50 in the case group, it was 6.25 in the control group. No significant relationship was found between the identified risk factors and breast cancer. As a result of Roc Analysis, Ministry of Health form and Tyrer Cuzick breast cancer risk measurement tool were found suitable for our society (p<0.05). Keywords: Gail model, breast cancer, risk factors, Ministry of Health form, Tyrer-Cuzick model.