Bolu'da bulunan bazı endemik bitkilerin biyolojik aktivitelerinin değerlendirilmesi

Antibacterial and antitumor activities of 24 alcoholic and aqueous extracts from 8 endemic Turkish plant species (Crocus abantensis, Crocus ancyrensis, Galanthus plicatus subsp. byzantinus, Paronychia chionaea, Astragalus gymnolobus, Trifolium pannonicum subsp. elongatum, Eryngium bithynicum and Convolvulus galaticus) of 6 different families were screened.For the antibacterial assay, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Serratia marcescens, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae which are Gram-negative bacteria, and Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes which are Gram-positive bacteria were usedBest antibacterial activity was observed with T. pannonicum extracts. Ethanolic extract of T. pannonicum was better than aqueous and methanolic extracts against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pyogenes, P. vulgaris and K. pneumoniae. Methanolic and ethanolic extracts of T. pannonicum exhibited a broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. All extracts of endemic plant species were not effective against S. marcescens, S. typhimurium and E. coli which are Gram-negative bacteria.Best antitumor activity was observed with all extracts (water, MeOH and EtOH) of G. plicatus. Generally, alcoholic extracts showed better antitumor activity than aqueous extracts. Alcoholic extracts (methanolic or ethanolic) of C. abantensis, C. ancyrensis, P. chionaea, C. galaticus and T. pannonicum also exhibited strong antitumor activity. Antitumor activity was not observed with E. bithynicum and A. gymnolobus.Antitumor action of C. abantensis, C. ancyrensis, G. plicatus, C. galaticus and P. chionaea was on the formation of tumors and not on the viability of A. tumefaciens bacterium. However, T. pannonicum extracts affected the viability of A. tumefaciens and its antitumor action was on the viability of the bacterium.Keywords: Crocus abantensis, Crocus ancyrensis, Galanthus plicatus, Convolvulus galaticus, Trifolium pannonicum, Eryngium bithynicum, Paronychia chionaea, Astragalus gymnolobus, antibacterial, antitumor.