Determination of depression and anxiety levels of patients with diabetes mellitus

In our study, it was aimed to determine the presence of depression and anxiety in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), to examine sociodemographic findings and their relation with the disease itself. Our study was performed cross-sectionally between 01/10/2016 - 20/11/2016 in 150 diabetic patients who applied to Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital Family Medicine polyclinic. In diabetic patients,the relationship between depression/anxiety level and sociodemographic data, the type and duration of treatment, the presence of additional disease, the presence of diabetic complications, the association with hospitalization were investigated. Depression level was assessed by beck depression scale and anxiety level by beck anxiety scale. While patients who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus between 18 years over of age and receiving medical treatment for at least 6 months, graduated at least primary school, did not receive active psychiatric treatment, and volunteered to participate included in the study; patients under 18 years of age and who were not in adequate education, who were receiving medical treatment for less than 6 months, who were active psychiatric patients and refusing to participate were not included in the study. In the analysis of the data; Kolmogorov Smirnov, Mann Whitney-U, Kruskal Wallis, Spearman Correlation and Chi-square test were used. The results were evaluated in a confidence interval of 95% and a significance level of p <0.05. The mean age of the 150 patients studied was 56.3 ± 12.5 years. In our study, 82 (54.7%) of the patients were female and 68 (45.3%) were male. Mild / minimal depression was detected in 80 (53.3%) of the patients; (46%) had moderate to severe depression. 93 (62%) of the patients had no or mild anxiety; moderate-severe anxiety was found in 57 (38%). Anxiety and depression scores were not associated with age, body mass index, marital status, place of residence, DM type, and nephropathy. Anxiety and depression scores were high in female, low educated, low incomed, comorbid, long-term treatment, insulin using, neuropathic, retinopathic patients, and patients who were hospitalized due to DM at any time. The anxiety and depression scores of housewives and self-employed workers are high; The anxiety and depression scores of the working patients were found to be low. Age, VKİ, education, neuropathy and anxiety were found to affect depression development. The presence of occupation, place of residence, presence of additional disease and depression were found to have an effect on anxiety. It was found that many factors (sex, education level, occupation, working status, income level, type and duration of treatment, complication development, hospitalization and comorbid diseases related to DM) were effective on anxiety and depression scores in patients with DM. Key words: Depression, anxiety, diabetes mellitus