The dominance of B-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance genes in escherichia coli isolated from patients with uti in najaf governorate in iraq

Escherichia coli is a health problem that causes many diseases all over the world and it is also one of the most common causes of urinary tract infection (UTI). Current study included determining the efficacy of some β-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones. The study period contained from January 2022 to March 2022. The study was conducted in the medical microbiology laboratories of Al-Manathira General Hospital in the governorate of Al-Najaf, Iraq, and 98 (61.25%) of 160 samples were detected as positive for E. coli by using microbiological and biochemical examinations of patients with UTIs. Twelve β-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones were tested for sensitivity and resistance, then the isolates were subjected to molecular examination to detect resistance genes. 60 (37.5%) of 160 samples are resistant to antibiotics and the results showed high resistance to the antibiotics amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 96.66%, ampicillin 95%, moxifloxacin 73.33%, ceftriaxone 60%, ciprofloxacin 53.33%, ceftazidime 51.66%, aztreonam 51.6%, nalidixic acid 48.33%, norfloxacin 18.66%, ofloxacin 18.33%, levofloxacin 13.33%, imipenem 6.66%. blaSHV, blaTEM, AmpC, OXA and QnrB genes were detected in 31 samples and were found with a percentage of 93.54%, 100%, 70.96%, 87% and 58.38% of the isolates respectively.