Bioactivity guided isolation of Genista carinalis Griseb. (Fabaceae) and investigation of antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, antioxodant effects

In this study, it was aimed to determination of total phenolic / total flavonoid content, anticholinesterase activity, antioxidant activities (ABTS•+, DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC) and α-glucosidase / α-amylase inhibition capacities of Genista carinalis Griseb. (Fabaceae) which grown in Trakya region in crude extracts and it was aimed the isolation of bioactive components of the secondary metabolites along with the determination of the structure of the isolated molecules. Extraction was conducted by methanol maceration, and evaporation with rotary evaporator under vacuum to obtain crude extract. The crude extract was then back-extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol according to the polarity order. The ethyl acetate extract which has highest bioactive was selected for the isolation study, according to the results of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, anticholinesterase, antioxidant activity analyses of the obtained crude extracts. Obtained fractions by column chromatography checked by thin layer chromatography and similar fractions were combined. Obtained sub-fractions purified by column chromatography, TLC and reverse phase column preparative HPLC. The chemical structures of the isolated pure substances were determined using 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectroscopy methods. As a result of this study, isolated 8 compounds determined which included 5 isoflavonoids, 1 chalcone and 2 phenolic compounds from the G. carinalis plant. While eight of these compounds were isolated the first time from the G. carinalis plant, seven of these compounds were isolated the first time from the natural sources. Biological activities were done the isolated compounds.