Evaluation of the oxidative stress by using thiol-disulphide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin in mild cognitive impairment disease

It has been well-known that the oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease. A number of peripheral blood biomarkers has been used to determine the oxidative stress and its damage to the cell. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the oxidative stress in MCI by using the dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin (IMA). At the same time, the study aimed to compare how the oxidative stress biomarkers change among three seperate cognitive groups. A total of 128 patients, 44 patients with normal cognitive function, 44 patients with MCI and 40 patients with Alzheimer's disease who were admitted to the Geriatric Medicine outpatient clinic of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine were included in the study. Diagnosis of the MCI was based on Peterson-Mayo diagnostic criteria while that of the Alzheimer's disease was made according to the NIA-AA (National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association) criteria. Then, peripheral blood samples were taken for the analysis of the oxidative stress biomarkers. No statistically significant difference was found between three seperate cognitive groups in terms of oxidative stress biomarkers (Dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis, ischemia modified albümin, IMA/Albumin ratio) There were also no significant differences between the groups of the chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, coronary heart disease, hypothyroidism) when they were all compared individually regarding the oxidative stress biomarkers. A weak negative correlation was found between native thiol and total thiol parameters' level with age, MMSE score and mininutritional test score and hypertension (p<0,001). In conclusion, no significant difference was found regarding the oxidative stress biomarkers' levels which were investigated among three different cognitive groups. Given that the well-known role of oxidative stress in the MCI and Alzheimer's disease, larger prospective studies are needed.