الواقعية الإسلامية في روايات خولة حمدي

The study considered the Islamic Realism in four of Khawla Hamdi's novels which are ( Fi Kalbi Ontha Ibryya, Ghorbat Alyasamin, An Tabki, Ayna Almafar) . The study started talking about Realism in general, and its main branches such as critic Realism and socialistic Realism. Then it shifted to Islamic realism in particular. After that I studied the history of Islamic Realism independently in the 9th century and appearance as a reaction against the Romantic doctrine. The study mentioned the sections that resulted from Realism like spiritual, formal, superior, ideal and subjective Realism. After that I studied the reasons for appearing the Islamic Realism against the western doctrine that spread in the Islamic society while the Arabic, Islamic and cultural identity was almost absent from Arabic criticism due to cultural and traditional diversity. The study mentioned the main characteristics of Islamic Realism such as mastership, commitment, stability, humanity and positivity. Then I shifted to study the importance of Islamic Realism which linked Reality on earth with that in heaven, and God, and the benefit that resulted for the humans. The first section of the study was ended by considering the pioneers and critics of Islamic Realism such as Sayied Kotob, Mohummad Kotob and Najeeb Al-Kilani. In the second part of the study I considered Khowla Hamdi's four presenting a summary of each and a brief summary of the writer's life due to the shortage of resources about each and the impossibility to get any more. In the third part of the study, the researcher studied the setting of the novels and the relation with reality where most of the action took place, in Lebanon, France and Tunis. Some actions took place in mosques, churches, houses or farms. The time chosen by the writer made the novel more beneficial and active. After that I studied the subject matter of the novels such as religious tolerance, changing one's religion, marriage between couples of different religions, western nativity towards Muslims and Muslims getting consolidating in western societies. The study made clear how much attached are the subject matters of these novels to people's lives in the contemporary Islamic society where many Eastern Muslims live in European countries. Some of them got consolidated while others got indisposed. Then the researcher studied the main characters of these novels such as an exile, an adversary, God campaigner, a mother and a student. It also made clear the Islamic Realism fulfilled in the actions played by each character. The study was ended by spotlighting the writer's proficiency choosing her main characters as a religious or lingual concept. Finally, the study pointed out the writer excluding any extreme words in the negative or violent scenes.