Systemic immun-inflammation index in hypertansive patients: A case-control study

The aim of this study is to compare the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) between patients diagnosed with hypertension who presented to Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Hospital and healthy individuals, to investigate the potential of SII in reflecting the inflammatory response in hypertensive individuals, and to shed light on whether SII can be used as an early marker for hypertension based on the findings obtained. Our study is a retrospective case-control study. It consists of 655 patients and 669 healthy individuals who presented to Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Hospital. The mean age of the patients was 61,25 ± 12,7 years, and 46% of them were female. The mean age of healthy individuals was calculated as 46,24 ± 8,7 years, and 61% were female. It was found that 27,2% of the patient group had only a diagnosis of hypertension, while 72,8% had additional comorbidities. Among the patients, 97% were previously diagnosed with hypertension, and 3% were newly diagnosed. There was a statistically significant difference in SII values between the patient and control groups. When only the patient group was considered, SII levels were higher in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients compared to those with a previous diagnosis. There was no statistically significant difference in SII levels between patients with only hypertension and those with comorbid diseases. A statistically significant difference was found between male and female patients, with higher SII levels observed in female patients. When the SII value was taken as 520,45, it was found to have diagnostic value in predicting hypertensive patients. For this cut-off, the sensitivity was calculated as 52,4%, specificity as 83,6%, positive predictive value as 75,7%, and negative predictive value as 64,2%. In conclusion, the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index stands out as an easily accessible and low-cost biomarker that can reflect the inflammatory components of hypertension. Accordingly, it may contribute to early diagnosis and monitoring in primary healthcare services, and also allow for targeting inflammation-suppressing strategies in hypertension treatment. Keywords: Hypertension, inflammation, systemic immun-inflammation index