The experiences of HPVDNA (+) women in the follow-up process according to health belief model: A qualitative study

Objective: To define the effective attitudes and behaviors of HPV DNA (+) women in performing the smear test, their experiences in the follow-up period and their related beliefs according to the Health Belief Model (HBM). Method: In the study, a phenomenological design to approach qualitative research was used. The conceptual framework of the study was created by HBM. The data were collected by "in-depth interviews" method by using the "Descriptive Information Form" and "the Semi-Structured Interview Form". The research sample consisted of the HPV DNA 16, 18 (+), LGSIL (+), HGSIL (+), ASCH (+) and other than colposcopy group, HPV DNA (+) women (n: 16) who should be monitored at regular intervals by pap smear and/or HPV DNA testing. Data were evaluated with "content analysis". Findings: Women included in the study experienced behaviors and beliefs according to the components of HBM. Themes related to perceived sensitivity by model; "The risk of developing cancer", "Acceptance of the diagnosis", under the theme of seriousness; "Negative influence", "Death", "Fear of cancer", "Fear of health deterioration", "Feeling cancer", "The burden of cancer", perceived utility themes; "Reducing / preventing the risk of cervical cancer", perceived barrier; "Lack of social support", "Inability to get an appointment", "Lack of information", "Do not feel ready for my inspection", "Doctor's approach", "Disruption in the family process", "Lack of disease-specific discomfort", "Aversion of inspection", "Location of the hospital", "Operating status", "Length of waiting time for inspection", "Wrong information about the disease", "Exhausting to come to the hospital", "Hospital is neglected and dirty", Physical disability", "themes related to health motivation; "Requirement", "Health / remedial behavior", "Experience" and "Hope", self-efficiency; "Real performance", "The experience of others", "Verbal convince", "Subjective Perceptions",action-makers; "Internal and external warning", socio-demographic factors; "Social support presence" sub-themes are defined. Result: In the study, according to the HBM, women's experiences were explained and important data were obtained after the diagnosis. After the diagnosis of HPV DNA (+), it was stated that not only women but also family members were affected. In accordance with the data, providing information and support to the women, providing consultancy services at certain intervals and eliminating the mentioned barriers by health personnel may lead to a more positive of the follow-up process. Keywords; HPV DNA, Health Belief Model, Qualitative Research, Nursing.