Determination of rotavirus, coronavirus, e. coli k99, cryptosporidium parvum in neonatal calves with diarrhea by rapid diagnostic test kits and investigation of relationship between these diseases and maternal immunity.

Calf diarrhea is one of the important diseases that cause economic losses in cattle breeding due to high mortality and morbidity in the neonatal period. In this study, rotavirus, coronavirus, E. coli F5 (K99) and Cryptosporidium which are the most important causes of diarrhea in calves with diarrhea in the neonatal period were performed to detect with rapid test kits and to determine the relationships between neonatal diarrhea and serum IgA and IgG levels.30 calves with acute diarrhea aging between 1 and 28 day were brought to F.U. Animal Hospital clinics or included to the study in Elazig center and its districts from March to June 2011.Detection of rotavirus, coronavirus, Cryptosporidium and E. coli F5 in stool samples was made with commercial in-vitro Rapid Diagnostic Test. Determination of serum concentrations of immunoglobulins was determined by commercial Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID) test kit.In this study, rotavirus in 9 (30%), coronavirus in 4 (13%), and E. coli F5 in 5 (17%), mix-infection in 2 (6%), diarrhea due to other causes in 10 (33%) of diarrheic calves were identified. Cryptosporidium was not detected in any of diarrheic calves used in this study. In 15 (50%) in the first week, in 5 (17%) in 2nd week, in 6 (20%) in 3rd week and in 4 (13%) in 4th week of calves in diarrhea cases when prevalence of diarrheic neonatal calves were analyzed according to age group was determined to be widespread. It was found to affect by a mild diarrhea of 11 of 30 calves, by a moderate diarrhea of 5 of that 30, by a severe diarrhea of 14 of that 30 according to clinical evaluation of depression and dehydration. It was found that serum IgA levels were higher than 350 mg/dl in 2 of calves with rotavirus, a partial normal between 80 and 350 mg/dl in 5 of them and lower than 80 mg/dl in 2 of them; higher than 350 mg/dl in 2 of calves with coronavirus calves, a partial normal between 80 and 350 mg/dl in 2 of them; higher than 350 mg/dl in 2 of calves with E. coli, a partial normal between 80 and 350 mg/dl in 2 of them and lower than 80 mg/dl in 1 of them; lower than 800 mg/dl in 2 of mix-infected calves. It was found that serum IgG levels were more than 1600 mg/dl in 1 of calves with rotavirus, a partially normal between 800 and 1600 mg/dl in four of them and lower than 800 mg/dl in four of them; a partially normal between 800 and 1600 mg/dl in 1 of calves with coronavirus calves and lower than 800 mg/dl in 3 of them; a partially normal between 800 and 1600 mg/dl in 2 of calves with E. coli and lower than 800 mg/dl in 3 of them; in 2 of mix-infected calves lower than 800 mg/dl.It is quite clear that the use of the test techniques which quickly result in the practical diagnosis is especially useful in cases of diarrhea in calves. Because a rapid diagnosis of such infections can reduce the mortality, the increases the chances of treatment and thus animal breeders will save on the large economic losses that may occur due to calf deaths.