Comparison of morphine's and dexmedetomidin added to morphine's analgesic effects with patient controlled analgesia device in cancer pain

Comparison of morphine's and dexmedetomidin added to morphine's analgesic effects with patient controlled analgesia (PCA) device in cancer pain. Objective: We aimed to contribute to the treatment of cancer pain by adding dexmedetomidin which has analgesic and sedative efficiency to decrease morphine's - which is an analgesic medicine used frequently in cancer pain- needed dose, protect from its side effects and provide better analgesic comfort for patient in this study. Materials and methods: 20 adult patients with cancer pain between 20-80 years of age were get in this study. Patients were randomly self controlled and sequentially devided into two groups and a total of 40 patients were observed. Nausea and vomiting, other side effects, sedation scale, visual analog scale were determined and recorded at a total of 12 times,with intervals of 4 hours in 48 hours of clinical observation after patients' basal systolic and diastolik blood pressure was recorded. Patients' 48-hour morphine doses and number of analgesia request were determined and recorded. 24-hour waiting period between two groups were formed. GROUP M (N=20): Patient controlled analgesia device (PCA) was given as an infusion with 40 mg morphine in 100 cc saline bolus dose of 0.02 mg/kg and 10-minute lockout period. GROUP D (N=20): Patient controlled analgesia device (PCA) was given as an infusion with 200 mcg dexmedetomidin added to 40 mg morphine in 100 cc saline bolus dose of 0.02 mg/kg and 10-minute lockout period. Results: The average VAS scores according to study groups were statistically significant in 4. hour, 12. hour and 16. hour time zones. While the reduction of the patients' VAS scores in group M were fixed from the 32. hour, the patients' in group D were fixed from the 16. hour. The average RSS scores according to study groups were not statistically significant. While the increase of the patients' RSS scores in group M was fixed from the 16. hour, the patients' in group D was from the 8. hour. A significant difference between the study groups for median analgesic dose and analgesia request was not found. Conclusion: We concluded that VAS scores reduced between 4. hour, 12. hour and 16. hour although amount of morphine consumption and sedation levels were not affected by adding the dose of 2 mcg/ml dexmedetomidin to morphine which was given by patient controlled analgesia in cronic canser pain. We believe that different results can be taken in further studies with changes in dexmedetomidin doses were used. Keywords:Canser pain, patient controlled analgesia, morphine, dexmedetomidin