Evaluation of clinical, laboratory and epidermiological features of children with Kawasaki disease

Introduction and Aim: Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology that is usually seen in children younger than five years of age. Cervical lymphadenopathy, oropharyngeal mucosal changes, bilateral non-exudative conjunctivitis, erythema, edema, and desquamation of the extremities are seen with fever. In this study, clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic findings and epidemiological features of cases diagnosed with Kawasaki disease were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Demographic characteristics, laboratory data and treatment results of 35 patients who were hospitalized and treated with the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease and evaluated by Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Cardiology between June 1, 2012 and April 1, 2021 were evaluated. Results: 35 cases included in the study consist of 10 (28.57%) female and 25 (71.43%) male, and the Male/Female ratio was 2.5. The age distribution of the cases were 20% 12 months and below, 62.86% between 13-60 months, 17.14% 61 months and above. Cases were diagnosed 31.43% in summer, 28.57% in winter, 20% in spring and 20% in autumn. A history of fever lasting more than five days was observed in all cases, oral mucosal changes in 100% of cases, conjunctivitis in 85.7%, rash in 82.9%, lymphadenopathy in 62.9%, limb changes in 54.3%. was available. Twenty-four (68.6%) of the cases were diagnosed with complete CH and 11 (31.4%) of them were diagnosed with incomplete CH, and coronary artery involvement was found in 37.1% of the cases. All diagnosed patients were given a single dose of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and acetylsalicylic acid treatment. In this study, only one patient (2.85%) whose fever did not decrease in the first 48 hours was given a second dose of IVIG and a response was observed. Conclusion: We think that in the early diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, clinical findings, laboratory and imaging methods can help in the early diagnosis and serious cardiovascular complications that may occur can be prevented by treating the patients in the acute period