Settlement and reconstruction activities in Fustat from its foundation to the end of the Umayyads

With the death of the Prophet Muhammad, a new era called Hulefa-i Rashidin opened in the history of Islam, and in this period, Muslims made many conquests and started to open up to the world. In this period, the seizure of lands in different regions required the Muslims to take some measures in order not to lose these lands. One of the various measures taken is to show that the region is not unclaimed by resettling the Muslims in the conquered geography. Among these lands is Egypt. Babilon region was chosen for this in Egypt, and the new city was named Fustat. After the Muslim army settled here, it was divided into quarters, but the activity in the region continued. This mobility, which took place through migration, was sometimes voluntary and sometimes forced. As a result, the population also varied. In addition, zoning activities were carried out by the settled people in order to make the region they live in more livable and to have better conditions. These activities include mosques, dar al-imâre, baths, bazaars, houses, castles, canals, bridges, churches, cemeteries, etc. encompasses all human-made activities. With these activities, the development of cities was ensured, and the first Islamic city models began to emerge. In this study, the mentioned settlement and development activities in Fustat will be examined in detail, comparisons will be made with other encampment cities when necessary, information will be given about the events affecting the settlement and development activities and evaluations will be made. KEYWORDS: Egypt, Fustat, The Settlement, Zoning, Encampment.