Afghanistan?Pakistan relations since the emergence of Pakistan

Pakistan, which gained its independence together with India after the Second World War, has been experiencing tensions with its close neighbor country Afghanistan since the beginning of the its emergence. The Durand line and Pashtunistan issues constitute the basis of bilateral relations.However, despite the continuing tensions, covering our study during 1947-2009, the mutual visits have been carried out. The Durand Line and Pashtunistan issues still have been remained unsolved problems between two countries. But in 1980s, the new developments in the region and new problems attached to their relations, had given a secondary role to the Durand Line and Pashtunistan issues.In 1970s The Mujahedeen which emerged to struggle against the growing leftist groups has become an important factor to affect the two countries relations. In 1989, by taking the support of Pakistan and the West especially the USA, Mujahedeen has achieved victory over USSR and Capital-Kabul.While in the 1989-1992 the Mujahedeen groups have been fighting together against the Communist regime, but in 1992 in order to gain the power, they fight with each other and has swept Afghanistan to civil war. Pakistan?s Afghanistan policy was affective in continuation of civil war.During the Taliban regime in 1996-2001, the two countries have experienced their relations golden era. Pakistan, the biggest supporter and protector of Taliban movement, has also continued to support the Taliban after the September 11 events.