Pyruvate kinase M2 as a biochemical marker in coronary atherosclerosis disease

Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of vascular disease worldwide, the most frequent type of atheroseclerosis is the coronary atheroseclerosis, which cause many coronary heart disease (CHD) like ischemich heart disease (IHD), heart attack and acute coronary syndrome. Clinically, the high levels of serum LDL cholesterol is related to high atherosclerosis, OxLDL is one of many modified LDL types, by scavenger receptores its translocate from blood streem to the arteries layers, the levels of oxLDL are usually utilized to forecast atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, depending on the relationship between CVD outcomes and oxLDL level. PKM2 contributes to catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from a phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) to an adenosine diphosphate (ADP), producing a single pyruvate molecule and a single ATP molecule. PKM2 is highly expressed in atherosclerosis and its expression increases during the progression of atherosclerosis. In the present study we aimed to investigate the possible effect of PKM2 on coronary atheroseclerosis progression. Case control study, 60 patient versuse 30 control was enrolled after getting ethical commitie aproval. ELISA method used to mesure serum pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) level and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) was significantly higher in patients versuse control (P<0.001, P<0.001), In the patients' group, there was a direct significant correlation between PKM2 and OxLDL (P:0.01 and r:0.328). Rundomly we selected 10 patients versuse 10 control for qRT-PCR analysis PKM2 relative mRNA level (fold of change) was P<0.0002 versuse control. By using ELISA method, 60 patients serum samples versuse 30 control serum samples used to mesure enzyme activity, the mean of serum PKM2 activity was significant higher in patients ii group than in control group (mean= 0.4, 0.1) respectivly. PKM2, a key rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, accelerates the proliferation and migration of tumor and non tumor cells. Although the intracellular mechanisms associated with oxLDL-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration have been extensively explored. According to our result, PKM2 can be a new biochemical marker to diagnosis the progression of coronary atheroseclerosis, and coulde be conceder as a target enzyme for a future therapeutic approach atheroseclerosis progrssion treatment.