Investigation study of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels in rats exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation

Today, cell phones have turned into a fundamental part of modern communication. It is currently realized that there are 2,71 billion cell phone users and about 5,13 billion mobile users around the whole world. Smart phones, for instance, 2G and 3G are 869-900 MHz, while the worldwide system for mobile communication (GSM-900) is 935–960 MHz, GSM-1800s are 1805-1880 MHz, and 3G and Wi-Fi are 2110–2450 MHz non-ionizers. RF-EMR has been reported also. In this study, 32 healthy Wistar albino male rats were utilized. Rats were exposed to electromagnetic radiation for about a month and a half, 5 days every week, 4 hours per day. Before the running the exposure, blood samples were collected at the 3rd week of the application and after the application. Inflammatory (IL-1, IL-12, IFN-γ, TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-4) cytokine levels were measured by ELISA assay. Annexin-V positivity rate was determined by Flow Cytometry strategy. The outcomes results of our study, significant increments in IL-1 and IFN-γ plasma levels were seen in the application of RF-EMR. Nonetheless the plasma level of TNF-α was diminished. There was no alteration in the level of IL-12. Furthermore, there was no measurable change in plasma levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-4. Annexin-V positivity estimations of lymphocyte cells were diminished just in % of living cells. Therefore as a result; although there were changes in the plasma levels of some certain cytokines in this investigation, it is too soon to state that RF-EMR applications effect on the immune system since these outcomes are not predictable in themselves. To have the option to state this, we think that more examinations are required regarding this subject.