The contribution of Sâtı Bey and Kâzım Nami Duru to early childhood education

The study focuses on the educational philosophies of prominent figures in early childhood education since the Second Constitutional Era. In this context, it examines Sâtı Bey, a notable figure in early childhood education towards the end of the Second Constitutional Era, and Kâzım Nami Duru, his contemporary whose influence extended into the Republican Period. The research employs qualitative methods, specifically document analysis and comparative historical methods. Initially, a literature review was conducted to access primary sources. In this context, among the sources utilized in the thesis, Sâtı Bey's "Tedrisat-ı İbtidaiyye Mecmuası; Kâzım Nami Duru's works, including Çocuk Bahçesi Rehberi, İttihat ve Terakki Hatıralarım, Mekteplerde Ahlakı Nasıl Telkin Etmeli?, Frobel Usulüyle Küçük Çocukların Terbiyesi" have been translated from Ottoman Turkish into modern Turkish. The research consists of six chapters. The first chapter presents the topic, purpose, methodology, limitations, and the relevant literature of the study. The second chapter discusses the historical context of the Second Constitutional Era (II. Meşrutiyet) and early childhood education. This chapter also examines the pioneering figures who laid the intellectual foundations of early childhood education. The third chapter provides information about Sâtı Bey, one of the prominent figures in early childhood education during the II. Meşrutiyet period. It explores Sâtı Bey's educational philosophy, his views on moral education, and his approach to early childhood education. Under the section titled Sâtı Bey's approach to early childhood education, the study addresses important aspects such as methods, materials, learning environments, teacher competencies, and the role of family in early childhood education. The fourth chapter focuses on Kâzım Nami Duru, another significant educator from the II. Meşrutiyet era, who also contributed to early childhood education. This section provides information on his educational philosophy, views on moral education, the philosophical foundations of his approach to early childhood education, as well as the curriculum, methods, materials, learning environments, teacher competencies, and the role of family in early childhood education. The conclusion chapter summarizes the findings and compares the educational philosophies of Sâtı Bey and Kâzım Nami Duru, highlighting both their similarities and differences. Additionally, based on the results of the study, several recommendations for future researchers are provided.