Evaluation of the general health condition in cesarean and normal borning under 24 months babies

The mode of delivery after a safe pregnancy is the beginning of the process that will significantly affect the lives of the mother and baby after birth. This process has been increasing in favor of cesarean more recently. The effects of this increase on baby health and development are important. The purpose of this study; to investigate the prevalence of birth and the factors affecting it, and to determine the effects of birth on the nutrition, growth-development and general health of babies. The universe of the cross-sectional study is all 24-month-old infants registered with ASM 1 in Kayapınar. Data were collected with a questionnaire of 56 questions asked to mothers. Dependent variables: Delivery type, first breastfeeding time, breastfeeding time only, first 6 months full breastfeeding with breast milk, breastfeeding time, frequency of illness, baby's weight, height and BMI. Independent Variables: Mode of delivery, place of birth, PC, DSB, maternal age, paternal age, maternal educational status, paternal educational status, monthly total income, maternal employment status, paternal employment status, family type and social security of the family. 133 (50.4%) of the 264 babies included in the study are male babies and 131 (49.6%) are baby girls. The average birth weight of babies is 3238.9 ± 404.2 g, average birth length is 49.4 ± 1.5 cm and 24-month weight average is 12360.2 ± 1351.4 g, height average is 88.1 ± 3.6 cm. The average age of the mothers of the babies participating in the study was found to be 29.7 ± 5.2 years. Eight (3%) of the mothers were illiterate, 104 (39.4%) were university graduates. 175 of mothers (66.3%) were housewives and were not working. 152 (57.6%) of the babies were born by cesarean and 112 (42.4%) by normal birth. As soon as 37.9% of the babies were born, they were breastfed with colostrum in the first hour and 87.9% of them in the first day. It was found that delivery type was associated with mother education, father education, monthly income of the family, DSD, time to start breastfeeding, and the frequency of illness (p <0.05). While cesarean rates are 12.5% for illiterate mothers, 40% for primary school graduates, 31.5% for families with a monthly income below 2000 TL, 63.5% for university graduate mothers, 64.5% for university graduate fathers, and monthly income for 6000 It was found to be 65.1% in those over TL. 58% of babies born with normal delivery were breastfed in the first hour and 94.7% of them were breastfed in the first day. These rates were 23% and 82.9% in those born by cesarean section. In the first 24 months, babies born normally had an average of 16.1 ± 9.7 times, and babies born by cesarean section 19 ± 10.1 times. As the sociodemographic level of the family increases, cesarean rates increase. The effect of delivery type on the growth and development of babies was not found significant. Cesarean deliveries affect the general health status negatively, causing babies to get sick more frequently. The babies of the mothers who gave birth by cesarean started feeding with colostrum later. These babies start to benefit from the protective, nutritious and developmental effects of breast milk later. In order to decrease the cesarean delivery rates, pre-natal trainings should support women to prefer normal delivery. Keywords: cesarean, breastfeeding, breast milk, infant nutrition, infant development